40K–40Ar dating of the Main Deccan large igneous province: Further evidence of KTB age and short duration

Chenet, Anne-Lise; Quidelleur, Xavier; Fluteau, Frédéric; Courtillot, Vincent; Bajpai, Sunil

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.011

Cited by 301 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Two recent case studies, however, have significantly altered our perception of the devastating effects of subaerial flood basalt eruptions. Improved dating techniques show that the emplacement of the end-Cretaceous Deccan Traps proceeded in several extremely large and rapid pulses 35,36 38 .…”

Section: Floral Changes Across the Triassic/jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

et al. 2009

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One of the five largest mass extinctions of the past 600 million years occurred at the boundary of the Triassic and Jurassic periods, 201.6 million years ago. The loss of marine biodiversity at the time has been linked to extreme greenhouse warming, triggered by the release of carbon dioxide from flood basalt volcanism in the central Atlantic Ocean. In contrast, the biotic turnover in terrestrial ecosystems is not well understood, and cannot be readily reconciled with the effects of massive volcanism. Here we present pollen, spore and geochemical analyses across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary from three drill cores from Germany and Sweden. We show that gymnosperm forests in northwest Europe were transiently replaced by fern and fern-associated vegetation, a pioneer assemblage commonly found in disturbed ecosystems. The Triassic/Jurassic boundary is also marked by an enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which, in the absence of charcoal peaks, we interpret as an indication of incomplete combustion of organic matter by ascending flood basalt lava. We conclude that the terrestrial vegetation shift is so severe and wide ranging that it is unlikely to have been triggered by greenhouse warming alone. Instead, we suggest that the release of pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and toxic compounds such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may have contributed to the extinction.

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Section: Floral Changes Across the Triassic/jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

et al. 2009

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“…66.04 Ma (Renne et al 2013), and both fall within paleomagnetic chron 29R (Chenet et al, 2007;Ogg, 2012). Radioisotopic constraints on Deccan-related volcanism are much less precise, but they show that early-and late-stage alkalic eruptions preceded and postdated Cretaceous-Paleogene time by at least several million years (Basu et al, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact

Richards

Álvarez

Self

et al. 2015

Geological Society of America Bulletin

176

151

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“…Only two continental fl ood basalt provinces are presently well enough studied to say where in the lava pile, and when geochronologically, these main volumetric pulses of lava production might have occurred: the Columbia River Basalt Group province and the Deccan Traps province. It is not even certain yet that the Deccan's main volumetric pulse came late (i.e., at the time of the extinction peak) in the eruptive history of the province Chenet et al, 2007Chenet et al, , 2009). Generalizing from these two relatively well-constrained examples, continental fl ood basalt volcanism appears to last for 1-3 m.y., with the pulse or pulses of main lava-volume emplacement being as brief as a few hundred thousand years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emplacement characteristics, time scales, and volcanic gas release rates of continental flood basalt eruptions on Earth

Self¹,

Schmidt²,

Mather³

2014

Volcanism, Impacts, and Mass Extinctions: Causes and Effects

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Continental fl ood basalt provinces are the subaerial expression of large igneous province volcanism. The emplacement of a continental fl ood basalt is an exceptional volcanic event in the geological history of our planet with the potential to directly impact Earth's atmosphere and environment. Large igneous province volcanism appears to have occurred episodically every 10-30 m.y. through most of Earth history. Most continental fl ood basalt provinces appear to have formed within 1-3 m.y., and within this period, one or more pulses of great magma production and lava eruption took place. These pulses may have lasted from 1 m.y. to as little as a few hundred thousand years. Within these pulses, tens to hundreds of volumetrically large eruptions took place, each producing 10 3 -10 4 km 3 of predominantly pāhoehoe lava and releasing unprecedented amounts of volcanic gases and ash into the atmosphere. The majority of magmatic gas species released had the potential to alter climate and/or atmospheric composition, in particular during violent explosive phases at the eruptive vents when volcanic gases were lofted into the stratosphere. Aside from the direct release of magmatic gases, magma-sediment interactions featured in some continental fl ood basalt provinces could have released additional carbon, sulfur, and halogen-bearing species into the atmosphere. Despite their potential importance, given the different nature of the country rock associated with each continental fl ood basalt province, it is diffi cult to make generalizations about these emissions from one province to another. The coincidence of continental fl ood basalt volcanism with periods of major biotic change is well substantiated, but the actual mechanisms by which *steve

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40K–40Ar dating of the Main Deccan large igneous province: Further evidence of KTB age and short duration

Cited by 301 publications

References 67 publications

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact

Emplacement characteristics, time scales, and volcanic gas release rates of continental flood basalt eruptions on Earth

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