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Di, Hong J.; Cameron, K. C.

doi:10.1023/a:1021471531188

Cited by 873 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Rainfall intensity and duration is influencing soil moisture. Wet conditions coupled with high nitrate availability in soil due to accumulation intensify leaching from the soil and in the unsaturated zone (Di and Cameron, 2002;Stark and Richards, 2008). In the present study site, the highest peaks of mobilised nitrate concentrations occurred in November 2011 and between June and September of 2012.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, high-resolution monitoring offers the possibility to detect predominance of mobilisation that can lead to sudden nitrate peaks above the MAC. Hence, if karst groundwater is used as drinking water this technique can help to prevent serious threat to humans and animals such as toxicity in livestock (Di and Cameron, 2002) or methemoglobinemia in infants also known as the "blue baby syndrome" which can progress rapidly to cause coma and death (Knobeloch et al, 2000). An intensification of high-resolution monitoring in the future is therefore essential to assure good water quality of karst groundwater and water bodies highly affected by karst groundwater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobilisation or dilution? Nitrate response of karst springs to high rainfall events

Huebsch

Fenton

Horan

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Nitrate (NO −3 ) contamination of groundwater associated with agronomic activity is of major concern in many countries. Where agriculture, thin free draining soils and karst aquifers coincide, groundwater is highly vulnerable to nitrate contamination. As residence times and denitrification potential in such systems are typically low, nitrate can discharge to surface waters unabated. However, such systems also react quickest to agricultural management changes that aim to improve water quality. In response to storm events, nitrate concentrations can alter significantly, i.e. rapidly decreasing or increasing concentrations. The current study examines the response of a specific karst spring situated on a grassland farm in South Ireland to rainfall events utilising high-resolution nitrate and discharge data together with onfarm borehole groundwater fluctuation data. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to formulate a scientific hypothesis of possible scenarios relating to nitrate responses during storm events, and to verify this hypothesis using additional case studies from the literature. This elucidates the controlling key factors that lead to mobilisation and/or dilution of nitrate concentrations during storm events. These were land use, hydrological condition and karstification, which in combination can lead to differential responses of mobilised and/or diluted nitrate concentrations. Furthermore, the results indicate that nitrate response in karst is strongly dependent on nutrient source, whether mobilisation and/or dilution occur and on the pathway taken. This will have consequences for the delivery of nitrate to a surface water receptor. The current study improves our understanding of nitrate responses in karst systems and therefore can guide environmental modellers, policy makers and drinking water managers with respect to the regulations of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD). In future, more research should focus on the high-resolution monitoring of karst aquifers to capture the high variability of hydrochemical processes, which occur at time intervals of hours to days.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilisation or dilution? Nitrate response of karst springs to high rainfall events

Huebsch

Fenton

Horan

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Nitrate concentration is a major concern as it is considered harmful to human health and responsible for the eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. The amount of NO 3 -nitrate leached from agroecosystems appears to be greatest when there is an accumulation of nitrate in the soil profile that coincides with, or is followed by, a period of high drainage (Di and Cameron 2002). Multiple cropping systems using cover crop or relay intercropping (group B) can mitigate nitrate losses by drainage.…”

Section: Multiple Cropping Systems To Reduce Environmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple cropping systems as drivers for providing multiple ecosystem services: from concepts to design

Gaba

Lescourret

Boudsocq

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

287

190

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Provisioning services, such as the production of food, feed, and fiber, have always been the main focus of agriculture. Since the 1950s, intensive cropping systems based on the cultivation of a single crop or a single cultivar, in simplified rotations or monocultures, and relying on extensive use of agrochemical inputs have been preferred to more diverse, self-sustaining cropping systems, regardless of the environmental consequences. However, there is increasing evidence that such intensive agroecosystems have led to a decline in biodiversity as well as threatening the environment and have damaged a number of ecosystem services such as the biogeochemical nutrient cycles and the regulation of climate and water quality. Consequently, the current challenge facing agriculture is to ensure the future of food production while reducing the use of inputs and limiting environmental impacts and the loss of biodiversity. Here, we review examples of multiple cropping systems that aim to use biotic interactions to reduce chemical inputs and provide more ecosystem services than just provisioning. Our main findings are the identification of underlying ecological processes and management strategies related to the provision of pairs of ecosystem services namely food production and a regulation service. We also found gaps between ecological knowledge and the constraints of agricultural practices in taking account of the interactions and possible trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services as well as socioeconomic constraints. We present guidelines for the design of multiple cropping systems combining ecological, agricultural, and genetic concepts and approaches.

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“…In contrast, where high yields are sought without regard to nitrogen fertiliser efficiency, the result can be the contamination of adjacent environments (e.g. Di and Cameron, 2002;Perego et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manure and sorbent fertilisers increase on-going nutrient availability relative to conventional fertilisers

Redding¹,

Lewis²,

Kearton³

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Untitled

Cited by 873 publications

References 102 publications

Mobilisation or dilution? Nitrate response of karst springs to high rainfall events

Mobilisation or dilution? Nitrate response of karst springs to high rainfall events

Multiple cropping systems as drivers for providing multiple ecosystem services: from concepts to design

Manure and sorbent fertilisers increase on-going nutrient availability relative to conventional fertilisers

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