4D DAS VSP as a tool for frequent seismic monitoring in deep water

Mateeva, Albena; López, Jorge L.; Chalenski, D.A.; Tatanova, Maria; Zwartjes, P. M.; Yang, Zhaohui; Bakku, Sudhish Kumar; Vos, K. de; Potters, Hans

doi:10.1190/tle36120995.1

Cited by 77 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…One of the first published examples is from 2011, in a deep onshore well in Pinedale, Canada [ 56 ]. A large variety of deployments in different environments, such as hydrocarbon reservoirs, glaciers, geothermal fields, and carbon sequestration sites, have been reported since then [ 34 , 36 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Figure 3 shows a DAS-VSP record from 2011 and its excellent match to a downhole geophone survey conducted a year earlier.…”

Section: Vertical Seismic Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DAS-VSP can also be used to track subsurface changes in hydrocarbon reservoirs [ 36 , 81 ]. Seismic properties may vary due to the stimulation of unconventional reservoirs [ 89 , 90 , 91 ] and production, primarily important in conventional ones [ 36 ]. For example, [ 91 , 92 ] show how 4-D DAS-VSP acquired in a deviated well can delineate seismic signatures related to fractures opening during stimulation.…”

Section: Vertical Seismic Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative deployment, suitable for recording in existing wells, is a semipermanent fiber installation outside of the production tubing [ 35 ]. This type of deployment suffers from strong noise in the form of tubing ringing, which can be dealt with during data processing stages [ 36 ]. Nonetheless, coupling to the surrounding formations is weaker, and signal quality is lower [ 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic Applications of Downhole DAS

Lellouch

Biondi

2021

Sensors

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Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is gaining vast popularity in the industrial and academic sectors for a variety of studies. Its spatial and temporal resolution is ever helpful, but one of the primary benefits of DAS is the ability to install fibers in boreholes and record seismic signals in depth. With minimal operational disruption, a continuous sampling along the trajectory of the borehole is made possible. Such resolution is highly challenging to obtain with conventional downhole tools. This review article summarizes different seismic uses, passive and active, of downhole DAS. We emphasize current DAS limitations and potential ways to overcome them.

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Section: Vertical Seismic Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vertical Seismic Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic Applications of Downhole DAS

Lellouch

Biondi

2021

Sensors

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“…Barberan et al (2012), Didraga (2015), and Daley et al (2016) have demonstrated that fibers deployed on tubing can be used to acquire offset and walk-away VSP data. Mateeva et al (2017) demonstrated the feasibility of using DAS on tubing installation for 4D VSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

3D vertical seismic profile acquired with distributed acoustic sensing on tubing installation: A case study from the CO2CRC Otway Project

et al. 2019

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Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) can revolutionize the seismic industry by using fiber-optic cables installed permanently to acquire on-demand vertical seismic profile (VSP) data at fine spatial sampling. With this, DAS can solve some of the issues associated with conventional seismic sensors. Studies have successfully demonstrated the use of DAS on cemented fibers for monitoring applications; however, such applications on tubing-deployed fibers are relatively uncommon. Application of tubing-deployed fibers is especially useful for preexisting wells, where there is no opportunity to install a fiber behind the casing. In the CO2CRC Otway Project, we acquired a 3D DAS VSP using a standard fiber-optic cable installed on the production tubing of the injector well. We aim to analyze the quality of the 3D DAS VSP on tubing, as well as discuss lessons learned from the current DAS deployment. We find the limitations associated with the DAS on tubing, as well as ways to improve the quality of the data sets for future surveys at Otway. Due to the reduced coupling and the long fiber length (approximately 20 km), the raw DAS records indicate a high level of noise relative to the signal. Despite the limitations, the migrated 3D DAS VSP data recorded by cable installed on tubing are able to image interfaces beyond the injection depth. Furthermore, we determine that the signal-to-noise ratio might be improved by reducing the fiber length.

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“…Several field experiments of VSP using DAS measurement (DAS-VSP) in recent years have revealed the efficiency and effectiveness of the technology for future subsurface monitoring (e.g. Mateeva et al 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A field experiment of walkaway distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile in a deep and deviated onshore well in Japan using a fibre optic cable deployed inside coiled tubing

Kobayashi

Uematsu

Mochiji

et al. 2019

Geophysical Prospecting

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A two‐dimensional walkaway vertical seismic profiling survey using distributed acoustic sensing was conducted at an onshore site in Japan. The maximum depth and the deviation of the observation well were more than 4,000 m and 81 degrees, respectively. Among the several methods for installing fibre optic cables, we adopted the inside coiled tubing method, in which coiled tubing containing a fibre optic cable is deployed. The signal‐to‐noise ratio of the raw shot gather was low, possibly due to poor coupling between the fibre optic cable and the subsurface formation resulting from the fibre optic cable deployment method and the existence of considerable tubewave noise. Nevertheless, direct P‐wave arrivals, P–P reflections and P–S converted waves exhibited acceptable signal‐to‐noise ratios after careful optimization of gauge length for distributed acoustic sensing optical processing and the application of carefully parameterized tubewave noise suppression. One of the challenges in current distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile data processing is the separation of P‐ and S‐waves using only one‐component measurements. Hence, we applied moveout correction using two‐dimensional ray tracing. This process effectively highlights only reflected P‐waves, which are used in subsequent subsurface imaging. Comparison with synthetic well seismograms and two‐dimensional surface seismic data confirms that the final imaging result has a sufficiently high quality for subsurface monitoring. We acquired distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile data under both flowing conditions and closed conditions, in which the well was shut off and no fluid flow was allowed. The two imaging results are comparable and suggest the possibility of subsurface imaging and time‐lapse monitoring using data acquired under flowing conditions. The results of this study suggest that, by adopting the inside coiled tubing method without drilling a new observation well, more affordable distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile monitoring can be achieved in fields such as CO2 capture and storage and unconventional shale projects, where monitoring costs have to be minimized.

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4D DAS VSP as a tool for frequent seismic monitoring in deep water

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

Seismic Applications of Downhole DAS

Seismic Applications of Downhole DAS

3D vertical seismic profile acquired with distributed acoustic sensing on tubing installation: A case study from the CO2CRC Otway Project

A field experiment of walkaway distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile in a deep and deviated onshore well in Japan using a fibre optic cable deployed inside coiled tubing

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