4D printed anisotropic structures with tailored mechanical behaviors and shape memory effects

Liu, Tianzhen; Liu, Liwu; Zeng, Chengjun; Liu, Yanju; Leng, Jinsong

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107935

Cited by 66 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Liu et al [ 58 ] studied, experimentally and theoretically, nine different specimen configurations, combining straight line and polygon fill patterns manufactured by FFF, to explore the anisotropic effect on shape memory performance. PLA filaments were used and, after thermal characterization performed by the authors, values of 63, 110, 170 and 345 °C were found, respectively, for the glass transition temperature (T g ), crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and degradation temperature.…”

Section: Shape Memory Effect In Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Filament Fabrication-4D-Printed Shape Memory Polymers: A Review

et al. 2021

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is the process through which components/structures are produced layer-by-layer. In this context, 4D printing combines 3D printing with time so that this combination results in additively manufactured components that respond to external stimuli and, consequently, change their shape/volume or modify their mechanical properties. Therefore, 4D printing uses shape-memory materials that react to external stimuli such as pH, humidity, and temperature. Among the possible materials with shape memory effect (SME), the most suitable for additive manufacturing are shape memory polymers (SMPs). However, due to their weaknesses, shape memory polymer compounds (SMPCs) prove to be an effective alternative. On the other hand, out of all the additive manufacturing techniques, the most widely used is fused filament fabrication (FFF). In this context, the present paper aims to critically review all studies related to the mechanical properties of 4D-FFF materials. The paper provides an update state of the art showing the potential of 4D-FFF printing for different engineering applications, maintaining the focus on the structural integrity of the final structure/component.

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Section: Shape Memory Effect In Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Filament Fabrication-4D-Printed Shape Memory Polymers: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…In recent years, shape memory epoxy polymers (SMEP) has been attracted significant attention due to its excellent shape memory effect, mechanical property, environmental durability, convenient processing, chemical resistance, thermal stability, and high shape memory fixing and recovery ratio 1–6 . In our previous studies, we developed environmentally friendly high performance shape memory through self‐assemble water‐borne epoxy (WEP), which has a wide range of commercial applications in coating, adhesive and composite materials 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydopamine modified ammonium polyphosphate modified shape memory water‐borne epoxy composites with photo‐responsive flame retardant property

Zhu

Wang

Islam

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Shape memory epoxy (SMEP) is a high performance shape memory polymer; however, is extremely flammable which severely restricts its applications. In this work, a novel polydopamine modified ammonium polyphosphate (PDA@APP) flame retardant was prepared to improve the flame retardant and enrich the response method of SMEP. Through flame retardancy test confirmed that the flame retarding properties of the PDA@APP/WEP composites significantly improved than the APP/WEP composites, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of the APP/SMEP and the PDA@APP/SMEP samples increased by 29.8% and 32.2%, respectively. Moreover, the PDA@APP/WEP composites had excellent light response shape-memory performance. Interestingly, the PDA@APP/WEP treated polyester fabric exhibited excellent light crease recovery performance and excellent flame retardant property. This work develops a new method for fabric crease recovery and will help broaden the application of WEP and its composites.

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“…In 2014, Tibbits (2014) first introduced the concept of four-dimensional (4D) printing structures which are capable of changing their shape and/or function on-demand and over time. 4D printing can be defined as a combination of 3D printing technology and smart materials like SMPs (Bodaghi et al, 2018(Bodaghi et al, , 2019Lin et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020;Tibbits 2014). Lin et al (2019) introduced 4D printed biodegradable, remotely controllable and personalized SMP occlusion devices and exemplified atrial septal defect occluders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lin et al (2019) introduced 4D printed biodegradable, remotely controllable and personalized SMP occlusion devices and exemplified atrial septal defect occluders. Liu et al, (2020) This paper is dedicated to comprehensively investigate contact and impact behaviors of SMPs fabricated by 4D printing technology. The fourth dimension is related to the shape recovery after plastic deformation (Bodaghi et al, 2018(Bodaghi et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact/impact modeling and analysis of 4D printed shape memory polymer beams

Damanpack

Bodaghi

Liao

2020

Smart Mater. Struct.

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This study examines contact and impact behaviors of shape memory polymer (SMP) beams fabricated by fourdimensional (4D) printing technology. A 3D phenomenological constitutive model is developed to predict viscoelastic-plastic characteristics of SMPs and their shape memory effect in large deformation range for the first time. A novel finite element method (FEM) based on non-linear Green strains is established to analyze the SMP beam under contact/impact loadings. Newmark and Newton-Raphson methods along with an iterative-incremental approach based on a visco-elastic-predictor visco-plastic-corrector return mapping algorithm are implemented to solve FEM governing equations in spatial and time domains. Fused deposition modeling is employed to 4D print samples from polyurethane-based filaments. Thermo-mechanical experimental tests are performed to acquire the parameters needed for the SMP constitutive model. The effects of indentation location, substrate thickness, and edge effect are examined numerically for cylindrical indentation of elastic-plastic SMPs at glassy phase. The validation and application of the Hertzian load-displacement relation for indentation of elastic materials are also clarified. Then, experimental and numerical tests are conducted to examine impact responses of 4D printed SMP beams. Influences of impact position and impactor initial velocity and energy on the responses of the structure in forced and free vibration regimes are studied in detail. The results revealed that the projectile with low velocity or high velocity accompanied with low energy impacted the beam is able to produce plastic deformation. It is shown that the large residual plastic deformation can be fully recovered by simply heating. Due to the absence of similar results in the specialized literature, this paper provides pertinent results that are instrumental in the design of SMP beam-like structures under impact loadings.

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4D printed anisotropic structures with tailored mechanical behaviors and shape memory effects

Cited by 66 publications

References 45 publications

Fused Filament Fabrication-4D-Printed Shape Memory Polymers: A Review

Fused Filament Fabrication-4D-Printed Shape Memory Polymers: A Review

Polydopamine modified ammonium polyphosphate modified shape memory water‐borne epoxy composites with photo‐responsive flame retardant property

Contact/impact modeling and analysis of 4D printed shape memory polymer beams

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