4D Printing: Multi‐Material Shape Change

Tibbits, Skylar

doi:10.1002/ad.1710

Cited by 797 publications

(662 citation statements)

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“…[Rasmussen et al, 2012], such as the inflatable mouse by Kim et al [2008] or the shape changing mobile phone [Hemmert et al, 2010] that alerts the users by changing shape and through active shape change allows for novel tangible interaction. These shape changing systems are rapidly developing in the field of soft robotics, using 3D printing in combination with pneumatics [Vázquez et al, 2015] or other types as actuation [Tibbits, 2014]. However, current abilities of these principles only allow limited degrees of freedom.…”

Section: Shape Changing Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from the Trenches of Embodiment Design

Verlinden¹,

Saakes²,

Luxen³

2015

adr

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Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted educational and non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. AbstractBackground The advent of ubiquitous computing requires us to reconsider all aspects of industrial design engineering -to invent, package and optimize such products, services and experiences to society. This project was devised to bridge these in a compelling and magical prototype, called the Kinetic Mirror, a mirror that can not only mimic color but also shape in front of it. It builds upon the efforts performed in the field of projector-based augmented reality and natural design interfaces, and it showcases our ideas of future prototyping of design concepts.Methods This article describes the complexity of engineering when embodying and producing such interactive systems to disseminate design knowledge. Specifically, we reflect on the conceptualization and development of the Kinetic Mirror: a three-dimensional display that mirrors depth and color in 400 "pixels". Enabled by the introduction of low-cost structured light sensors, we envisioned an instantaneous physical manifestation of the captured scan. ResultsChallenges included: selecting electronic parts, software architecture, hardware and networking performance, outsourcing of production, power consumption, and overall assembly and constructionThe final system was put to show on five exhibits to test audience engagement and robustness of the result. This work has implications towards design curricula and provides new focal points of attention for design research and prototyping.Conclusions Demonstration and prototypes are an increasingly important medium to disseminate design knowledge, because experience can only partly conveyed in written text or even in video. However, if products become dynamic, articulated and with behavior, the technology requirements for prototypes become more complex, and as a result harder to maintain. In this paper we shared our lessons learned.

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Section: Shape Changing Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from the Trenches of Embodiment Design

Verlinden¹,

Saakes²,

Luxen³

2015

adr

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“…Under the designed transition conditions (e.g., temperature or solvent), the shape memory materials deform and transform the 3D-printed components into desired configuration. This concept, which is also known as 4D printing [26,27] , creates a dynamic component that allows users to reconfigure the shape of 3D-printed components on demand. We consider the reconfiguration a post-3D printing modification method.…”

Section: Macroscopicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-printing surface modification and functionalization of 3D-printed biomedical device

Zhang¹

2024

IJB

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3D printing is a technology well-suited for biomedical applications due to its ability to create highly complex and arbitrary structures from personalized designs with a fast turnaround. However, due to a limited selection of 3D-printable materials, the biofunctionality of many 3D-printed components has not been paid enough attention. In this perspective, we point out that post-3D printing modification is the solution that could close the gap between 3D printing technology and desired biomedical functions. We identify architectural reconfiguration and surface functionalization as the two main post-3D printing modification processes and discuss potential techniques for post-3D printing modification to achieve desired biofunctionality.

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“…Recently, the invention of 4D printing technology may point a way. 4D printing technology is invented by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the fourth dimension refers to time [2] . The main difference from 3D printing is that it involves a programmed shape change over the postprinting time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on 4D bioprinting

An¹,

Chua²,

Mironov³

2024

IJB

128

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3D bioprinting has been invented for more than a decade. A disruptive progress is still lacking for the field to significantly move forward. Recently, the invention of 4D printing technology may point a way and hence the birth of 4D bioprinting. However, 4D bioprinting is not well defined and appear to have a few distinct early forms. In this article, a personal perspective on the early forms of 4D bioprinting is presented and a definition for 4D bioprinting is proposed.

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4D Printing: Multi‐Material Shape Change

Cited by 797 publications

References 0 publications

Learning from the Trenches of Embodiment Design

Learning from the Trenches of Embodiment Design

Post-printing surface modification and functionalization of 3D-printed biomedical device

A perspective on 4D bioprinting

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