4D-tracking in the 10-ps range: A technological perspective

Abstract

The present paper focuses on recent and ready-to-come advancements concerning high-resolution 4D-tracking with a perspective approach. Four-dimensional-tracking techniques (particle tracking with timing information for each detection point) have revealed a necessity for the next and next-to-next generations of high-energy physics experiments to cope with the increasing luminosity and consequent event pile-up in the beam collision region. Such a decisive challenge concerns both detection and processing technologies at an unprecedented level of difficulty. In addition to the high performance required in space–time measurement precision (some tens of picoseconds resolution in timing and about 10 µm resolution in space), an extremely high radiation hardness is demanded for such technologies together with an extremely high read-out and processing capability. Emerging experimental solutions for sensors and electronics against such challenges are presented here.

Front-end Electronics for Timing with pico-second precision using 3D Trench Silicon Sensors

“…The necessary spatial resolution can be obtained using pixels with an appropriate pitch (e.g ∼ 50 μm), whilst regarding the requirement on temporal resolution, different technologies for sensors have been proposed in recent years, both with and without internal gain [2,3]. A crucial requirement to remember is that the high constraints on spatial and temporal resolution must be maintained simultaneously alongside high radiation resistance against fluences 𝜙 = 10 17 1 MeV n eq /cm 2 [4].…”