5.8-GHz Integrated Differential Rectenna Unit Using Both-Sided MIC Technology With Design Flexibility

Abstract

A 5.8-GHz integrated differential rectifying antenna (rectenna) unit with design flexibility is proposed, and its performance is confirmed experimentally. It positively uses both-sided microwave integrated circuit (MIC) technology, and its antenna feed circuit includes filters which suppress 2nd harmonic. This proposed rectenna unit is a very simple, compact and novel configuration. It operates in a differential mode, and effectively integrates an antenna array with a rectifying circuit. Its configuration provides the pragmatically advantages such as antenna array design flexibility and rectenna unit extensibility. Herein, the behavior of the rectenna unit was successfully confirmed under low radio frequency (RF) power density. Maximum RF-DC conversion efficiency at 5.8 GHz of Industry-Science-Medical (ISM) band was approximately 27% with the load resistance of 390 when the received power density (PD) was 0.031 W/m . Index Terms-Antenna array design flexibility, both-sided MIC technology, microstrip antenna, rectifying antenna, rectifying circuit, rectenna extensibility.

Theoretical limits of rectifying efficiency for low-power wireless power transfer

“…The curves represent the theoretical limits of conversion efficiency at each operational frequency, offering more general results than those ones in a previous study, which only exhibits the maximum achievable average efficiency. Moreover, we plot the experimental results of the state‐of‐the‐art rectenna designs in Figure , comparing their performance to the theoretical limits. As can be observed, most of the designs do not exceed the theoretical limits.…”

“…The maximum conversion efficiency is cast into a constrained programming problem, and the optimal solution is obtained via an optimization method. Accordingly, we propose the upper bound of power conversion efficiency for the rectifiers operated at 900 MHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz . Furthermore, we extract measured performance data of state‐of‐the‐art published rectenna designs, examining the validity of the proposed results.…”

Parallel‐series connected rectenna array using frequency selective surface (FSS) for power harvesting applications at 5.8 GHz

“…These rectennas achieved high RF‐to‐dc conversion efficiency in a high RF power density condition. However, the conversion efficiency of the conventional rectennas is remarkably low under a low RF power density condition because nonlinear characteristics of the rectifying diodes cause rectennas to be highly dependent on the received RF power . A hybrid sensitive rectenna (rectifier + antenna) system at 2.45 GHz was proposed .…”

Integrated Filtering Antenna Based on D-CRLH Transmission Lines for Ultra-Compact Wireless Applications

“…However, multi-band antennas may suffer from higher order resonance which will reduce the signal to noise figure. One solution is to integrate the antenna with filtering stage [1][2][3][4], and another approach is to integrate the filter within the antenna structure [5][6][7]. The design of filtering antenna has a tradeoff between the design complexity for arbitrary frequencies and the overall antenna size.…”