6.1.1 Polygranular Carbon and Graphite Materials

Jäger, Hubert; Frohs, Wilhelm; Sturm, Ferdinand von; Vohler, O.; Wege, Erhard

doi:10.1002/9783527674046.ch6_1_1

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Primarily, the direct laser beam-materials interactions need to be considered, that is, primary light-matter interactions such as absorptivity and reflectivity. These two parameters depend on the materials and surface properties and define the so-called laser coupling according to Equation (1).…”

Section: Beam-materials Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon has been synthetically prepared for several decades to produce carbon filaments, graphite for electrodes, glass‐like carbon, activated carbon, and carbon black in the scale of a few milligrams to hundreds of kilograms. [ 1–3 ] Polymeric carbon‐based micro‐ and nano‐device fabrication is greatly inspired by these industrial carbon manufacturing processes, which entirely rely on high‐temperature furnaces for the carbon‐conversion of organic precursors. [ 4 ] These energy‐intensive furnaces require multiple high‐temperature components, leakage‐free gas connections, and highly specialized manpower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser‐Carbonization – A Powerful Tool for Micro‐Fabrication of Patterned Electronic Carbons

et al. 2023

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Fabricating electronic devices from natural, renewable resources is a common goal in engineering and materials science. In this regard, carbon is of special significance due to its biocompatibility combined with electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability. In microelectronics, however, carbon's device application is often inhibited by tedious and expensive preparation processes and a lack of control over processing and material parameters. Laser‐assisted carbonization is emerging as a tool for the precise and selective synthesis of functional carbon‐based materials for flexible device applications. In contrast to conventional carbonization via in‐furnace pyrolysis, laser‐carbonization is induced photo‐thermally and occurs on the time‐scale of milliseconds. By careful selection of the precursors and process parameters, the properties of this so‐called laser‐patterned carbon (LP‐C) such as porosity, surface polarity, functional groups, degree of graphitization, charge‐carrier structure, etc. can be tuned. In this critical review, a common perspective is generated on laser‐carbonization in the context of general carbonization strategies, fundamentals of laser‐induced materials processing, and flexible electronic applications, like electrodes for sensors, electrocatalysts, energy storage, or antennas. An attempt is made to have equal emphasis on material processing and application aspects such that this emerging technology can be optimally positioned in the broader context of carbon‐based microfabrication.

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Section: Beam-materials Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser‐Carbonization – A Powerful Tool for Micro‐Fabrication of Patterned Electronic Carbons

et al. 2023

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“…Due to their exceptional properties, carbon fibers (CFs) are widely used in hightechnology fields such as in aerospace, automotive, and the construction industry [1,2]. CFs based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) represent the largest market share, with more than 90% [3]. During the conversion process from a homopolymeric PAN to a CF, a thermal runaway reaction can occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Influence of Hexabenzocoronene in Polyacrylonitrile-Based Precursors for Carbon Fibers

Peters

Jang

Wolz

et al. 2023

Fibers

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For several decades, carbon fibers have been used for lightweight engineering in aircraft automotive and sports industries, mostly based on high-quality polyacrylonitrile (PAN). We investigated a novel PAN-based precursor fiber (PF) modified with a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, namely hexabenzocoronene (HBC), which is expected to improve the thermal conversion process and to create a carbon fiber (CF) with enhanced mechanical properties. For this purpose, the novel PF and a spun-like homopolymeric PAN-based PF were thermally stabilized and carbonized in continuous lab-scale plants. The effect of the additive HBC on the conversion processes, fiber diameter and shape, density, and mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed that HBC seems to support stabilization reactions, and HBC/PAN-based PF show potentially higher stretchability of PF and stabilized fiber. The modified CF showed an improvement in Young’s modulus of about 25% at the same tensile strength compared to the unmodified PAN-based CF, resulting from enhanced crystalline orientation. The results showed a high potential of the HBC/PAN for energy-efficient production. In particular, the influence on tensile strength and modulus under optimized process conditions, as well as the possibility to use low quality PAN, need to be further investigated.

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6.1.1 Polygranular Carbon and Graphite Materials

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Laser‐Carbonization – A Powerful Tool for Micro‐Fabrication of Patterned Electronic Carbons

Laser‐Carbonization – A Powerful Tool for Micro‐Fabrication of Patterned Electronic Carbons

Investigation of the Influence of Hexabenzocoronene in Polyacrylonitrile-Based Precursors for Carbon Fibers

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