6-Shogaol Inhibits Advanced Glycation End-Products-Induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 Expression by Regulating Oxidative Responses in Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Abstract

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cause diabetes mellitus (DM) complications and accumulate more highly in periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis and DM. AGEs aggravate periodontitis with DM by increasing the expression of inflammation-related factors in periodontal tissues. 6-Shogaol, a major compound in ginger, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. However, the influence of shogaol on DM-associated periodontitis is not well known. In this study, the effects of 6-shogaol on AGEs-induced oxidative and anti-oxidative responses, and IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were investigated. When HGFs were cultured with 6-shogaol and AGEs, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzymes (heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1] and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 [NQO1]), and IL-6 and ICAM-1 expressions were investigated. RAGE expression and phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB were examined by western blotting. 6-Shogaol significantly inhibited AGEs-induced ROS activity, and increased HO-1 and NQO1 levels compared with the AGEs-treated cells. The AGEs-stimulated expression levels of receptor of AGE (RAGE), IL-6 and ICAM-1 and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and p65 were attenuated by 6-shogaol. These results suggested that 6-shogaol inhibits AGEs-induced inflammatory responses by regulating oxidative and anti-oxidative activities and may have protective effects on periodontitis with DM.

Protective Effects of 6-Shogaol, an Active Compound of Ginger, in a Murine Model of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

“…Oxidative stress plays a critical role in cisplatin-induced renal injury [ 5 , 7 ]. Previous studies have demonstrated that 6-shogaol exerts an anti-oxidative activity [ 17 , 18 ]. Thus, to explore the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of 6-shogaol on cisplatin-induced AKI, we next evaluated the levels of lipid peroxidation markers 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) [ 19 ] in the kidneys.…”

The effect of Kappaphycus alvarezii fraction on plasma glucose, Advanced Glycation End-products formation, and renal RAGE gene expression

“…Formation of CML can be inhibited through antioxidant activity to reduce the formation of AGEs by preventing the oxidation of Amadori products and metal-catalyzed glycoxidation ( Dil et al, 2019 ). Inhibition of AGEs formation through methylglyoxal (MGO) blockage has been demonstrated in studies using shogaol ( Nonaka et al, 2019 ) and putrescine ( Park et al, 2017 ). Previous research showed the ability of shogaol to reduce the formation of CML in a BSA/Fructose solution ( Malakul and Pengnet, 2017 ).…”

The ability of active fraction from Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty Ex.P.C.Silva to Decrease Glucose Levels inhibit advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) Formation and RAGE (AGER) Gene Expression in Diabetic Rats

“…Inhibition of AGEs formation through methylglyoxal (MGO) blockage has been demonstrated in studies using shogaol [24] and putrescine [25]. Research conducted [26] showed the ability of shogaol to reduce the formation of CML in a BSA/fructose solution.…”