60% Efficient 10-GHz Power Amplifier With Dynamic Drain Bias Control

Wang, Narisi; Yousefzadeh, Vahid; Maksimović, Dragan; Pajic, S.; Popović, Zoya

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2004.823592

Cited by 52 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For any of the architectures to be practical, the gain in performance needs to be significant to warrant the increased complexity and cost. A summary of relevant contributions applying supply modulation or other methods is shown in Table I [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GaN power amplifiers with supply modulation

Popović

2015

2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium

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This paper discusses various supply-modulated power amplifier (SM-PA) architectures for amplifying high peak-to-average power ratio (P APR) signals, and implementations of such amplifiers in GaN technology in the X band frequency range, towards the high-frequency carriers and bandwidths for 5G. Specifically, 10-W MMIC GaN PAs with greater than 60% efficiency at 10GHz with efficient GaN supply modulators for signals with envelope bandwidths of several 100 MHz and PAPR up to 10dB are detailed. Other transmitter approaches for high PAPR broadband signals, such as outphasing transmitters and PAs with output harmonic injection are overviewed in the context of supply modulation, and the main technical challenges are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GaN power amplifiers with supply modulation

Popović

2015

2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium

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“…A variety of switching-mode dc/dc converters have been proposed to be used as an EA [1]- [20], sometimes with the help of a linear stage to increase the overall bandwidth [13]- [18]. Those derived from the basic Buck converter [1], [3], [5], [6], [8]- [12], [14]- [16], [18] are especially suitable for this application because they have a linear relationship between the duty cycle and the output voltage, when they operate in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buck converters are especially suitable for this approach due to the linear relationship that exists between the duty cycle and the output voltage at a constant input voltage if the converter is operating in the CCM. It should be noted that the use of a feedback loop, either of the EA output voltage [1]- [5], [8], [11], [29], [30], or of the RF envelope [6], [25], [28], guarantees a linear relationship between the control signal and the output voltage, even if the converters operates in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) or if the load is no longer constant. However, in this case the overall bandwidth is limited not only by the reactive elements of the power stage, but also by the dynamic response of the error amplifier, additional delays in the feedback loop, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Two-Phase Buck Converter With Fourth-Order Output Filter for Envelope Amplifiers of Limited Bandwidth

Sebastián

Miaja

Ortega-González

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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Abstract-The use of techniques such as envelope tracking (ET) and envelope elimination and restoration (EER) can improve the efficiency of radio frequency power amplifiers (RFPA). In both cases, high-bandwidth DC/DC converters called envelope amplifiers (EA) are used to modulate the supply voltage of the RFPA. This paper addresses the analysis and design of a modified two-phase Buck converter optimized to operate as EA. The effects of multiphase operation on the tracking capabilities are analyzed. The use of a fourth-order output filter is proposed to increase the attenuation of the harmonics generated by the PWM operation, thus allowing a reduction of the ratio between the switching frequency and the converter bandwidth. The design of the output filter is addressed considering envelope tracking accuracy and distortion caused by the side bands arising from the nonlinear modulation process. Finally, the proposed analysis and design methods are supported by simulation results, as well as demonstrated by experiments obtained using two 100-W, 10-MHz, two-phase Buck EAs capable of accurately tracking a 1.5-MHz bandwidth OFDM signal.

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“…Various techniques, such as dynamic biasing [1], [2], envelope-tracking [3], [4], tunable matching networks [5]- [7], and Doherty amplifiers [8]- [10], have been proposed to improve PA's efficiency under low power operation. The dynamic biasing technique usually requires efficient dc-to-dc convertors, whereas the envelope tracking approach needs efficient envelope amplification, both adding to the overall power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Power Amplifier Efficiency and Linearity Using a Dynamically Controlled Tunable Matching Network

Mortazawi

2008

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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This paper presents a tunable matching network that enhances both efficiency and linearity of power amplifiers (PAs). A medium-power amplifier with a varactor-based matching network is designed, fabricated, and tested. It is demonstrated that not only the power efficiency at reduced drive levels can be improved but also the AM-AM and AM-PM distortions of the PA are reduced when the tunable matching network is biased according to the input drive level. Moreover, under 3GPP WCDMA modulated input, the PA with a dynamically controlled tunable matching network achieves up to 5% improvement in drain efficiency when compared with a PA employing a fixed matching network.Index Terms-Efficiency, linearity, power amplifiers (PAs), tunable matching networks.

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60% Efficient 10-GHz Power Amplifier With Dynamic Drain Bias Control

Cited by 52 publications

References 12 publications

GaN power amplifiers with supply modulation

GaN power amplifiers with supply modulation

Design of a Two-Phase Buck Converter With Fourth-Order Output Filter for Envelope Amplifiers of Limited Bandwidth

Improving Power Amplifier Efficiency and Linearity Using a Dynamically Controlled Tunable Matching Network

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