65 years of ZnO research – old and very recent results

Klingshirn, C.; Fallert, J.; Zhou, Huijuan; Sartor, Janos; Thiele, Cornelius; Maier-Flaig, Florian; Schneider, Daniel; Kalt, H.

doi:10.1002/pssb.200983195

Cited by 383 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…All show an intense, sharp near-band-edge UV emission feature centred at 382 nm together with a weak, broad visible emission band (to which we return later) that is traditionally ascribed to various defects and impurities. 46 The very high UV to visible intensity ratio (I UV /I visible ) exhibited by all of these samples indicates the high crystal quality of the ZnO samples. Analysis of dozens of groups of both bare and TEOS treated NR samples confirms that TEOS treatment leads to an increase in I UV and that the degree of enhancement scales with the TEOS concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Arrays of nanorods composed of ZnO nanodots exhibiting enhanced UV emission and stability

Yin

Sun

et al. 2014

Nanoscale

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Arrays of nanorods composed of ZnO nanodots exhibiting enhanced UV emission and stability

Yin

Sun

et al. 2014

Nanoscale

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“…Moreover ZnO emission band covers the whole visible range due to the existence of a large number of intrinsic and extrinsic deep level defects [2]. This implies that ZnO is a potential material for developing new light sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the polymer emission on the electroluminescence characteristics of n-ZnO nanorods/p-polymer hybrid light emitting diode

et al. 2011

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Hybrid light emitting diodes (LEDs) based on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and polymers (single and blended) are fabricated and characterized. The ZnO nanorods were grown by the chemical bath deposition method at 50 o C. Three different LEDs, either with blue emitting, orange-red emitting or their blended polymer together with ZnO nanorods were fabricated and studied. The current-voltage characteristics show good diode behavior with ideality factor in the range of 2.1 to 2.27 for all the three devices. The electroluminescence spectrum (EL) of the blended device has an emission range from 450nm to 750nm, due to the intermixing of the blue emission generated by the poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) denoted as PFO with orange red emission produced by the poly(2-methoxy-5(20-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) 1,4-phenylenevinylene) symbolize as MEH PPV combined with the deep band emission (DBE) of the ZnO nanorods i.e. it covers the whole visible region and manifested as white light. The CIE colour coordinates showed bluish, orange-red and white emission from the PFO, MEH PPV and blended LEDs with ZnO nanorods, respectively. These results indicate that the choice of the polymer with proper concentration is critical to the emitted colour in ZnO nanorods/p-organic polymers LEDs and careful design should considered to obtain intrinsic white light sources.

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“…The power-dependent measurements indicated that the threshold was approximately P th,L 521.2 kW cm 22 , which corresponds to a carrier density of 1.66310 17 cm 23 and is below the Mott density in ZnO. 45 The significant reduction in the polariton linewidth from 14 to 4 meV at the nonlinear threshold demonstrated the spontaneous coherence build-up of the polariton laser. The obvious linewidth broadening after the threshold demonstrated the decoherence mechanism induced by the polariton-polariton interaction.…”

Section: Polariton Lasing At Room Temperaturementioning

confidence: 95%

Strong light–matter interaction in ZnO microcavities

2013

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The strong light-matter interaction in ZnO-embedded microcavities has received great attention in recent years, due to its ability to generate the robust bosonic quasiparticles, exciton-polaritons, at or above room temperature. This review introduces the strong coupling effect in ZnO-based microcavities and describes the recent progress in this field. In addition, the report contains a systematic analysis of the room-temperature strong-coupling effects from relaxation to polariton lasing. The stable room temperature operation of polaritonic effects in a ZnO microcavity promises a wide range of practical applications in the future, such as ultra-low power consumption coherent light emitters in the ultraviolet region, polaritonic transport, and other fundamental of quantum optics in solid-state systems. Keywords: microcavity; polariton; strong coupling; ZnO INTRODUCTIONOver the past two decades, strong light-matter interactions in solidstate systems have garnered much attention for applications in novel photonics devices. The polariton is the key factor in the strong coupling phenomena: a new bosonic quasiparticle that is a hybrid between matter and light and exhibits promise for investigating various fascinating effects including dynamical Bose condensation, 1-4 superfluidity 5,6 and quantized vortices. 7-10 Semiconductor microcavities (MCs), which simultaneously offer good optical confinement with a small mode volume for the photonics portion and an excitonic layer for the matter portion of the strong coupling, are regarded as promising candidates for demonstrating and manipulating strong light-matter coupling in solid-state systems. 11 Because the semiconductor MCs undergo a strong coupling regime, the coupling rate between the bared exciton modes and the confined photon modes is faster than their dissipation rates. Compared with weakly coupled MCs, the rapid exchange rate in strongly coupled MCs renders the energy transfer between the excitons and photons reversible and reduces the possibility of energy dissipation through non-radiative channels, which results in a higher internal quantum efficiency. The new eigenstates generated from the strong exciton-photon coupling are called exciton-polaritons 12 and exhibit a relatively small effective mass compared with atomic hydrogen, tunable dispersion curves, and the bosonic statistics at low densities.Given the aforementioned properties, many phenomena have been extensively studied in polariton systems, including ultra-low threshold polariton lasing, 13 polariton parametric oscillation 14-17 and polaritonic circuits. 18 The matter characteristic of the polaritons allows them to scatter with electrons, phonons and polaritons, then to condense in the coherent ground state. The laser-like light emission from a coherent polariton ground state, the so-called polariton laser, does not require the population inversion condition required by conventional

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65 years of ZnO research – old and very recent results

Cited by 383 publications

References 118 publications

Arrays of nanorods composed of ZnO nanodots exhibiting enhanced UV emission and stability

Arrays of nanorods composed of ZnO nanodots exhibiting enhanced UV emission and stability

Effect of the polymer emission on the electroluminescence characteristics of n-ZnO nanorods/p-polymer hybrid light emitting diode

Strong light–matter interaction in ZnO microcavities

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