6G Networks and the AI Revolution—Exploring Technologies, Applications, and Emerging Challenges

Chataut, Robin; Nankya, Mary; Akl, Robert

doi:10.3390/s24061888

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 130 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Next-generation wireless networks, such as 6G, are expected to address these challenges by supporting data-intensive tasks, including high-speed internet and streaming of high-definition videos [16]. However, the limited availability of radio spectrum for wireless communication is a significant concern in the development of 6G systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Energy Efficiency for Federated Learning over Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Networks

Dang,

Shin

2024

Electronics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Federated learning (FL) is considered a promising machine learning technique that has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Instead of centralizing data in one location for training a global model, FL allows the model training to occur on user devices, such as smartphones, IoT devices, or local servers, thereby respecting data privacy and security. However, implementing FL in wireless communication faces a significant challenge due to the inherent unpredictability and constant fluctuations in channel characteristics. A key challenge in implementing FL over wireless communication lies in optimizing energy efficiency. This holds significant importance, especially considering user devices with restricted power resources. On the other hand, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies present a cost-effective solution owing to flexibility and mobility compared to terrestrial base stations. Consequently, the deployment of UAV communication in FL is viewed as a potential approach to deal with the energy efficiency challenge. In this paper, we address the problem of minimizing the total energy consumption of all user equipment (UE) during the training phase of FL over a UAV communication network. Our proposed system facilitates UE to operate concurrently at the same time and frequency, thereby improving bandwidth utilization efficiently. In this paper, we address the problem of minimizing the total energy consumption during the training phase of FL over a UAV communication network. To deal with the proposed nonconvex problem, we propose a novel alternating optimization approach by dividing the problem into two suboptimal problems. We then develop iterative algorithms based on the inner approximation method, yielding at least one locally optimal solution. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in solving the proposed problem compared to other benchmark algorithms, particularly in determining the optimal trajectory of the UAVs. In addition, we conduct extensive experiments to evaluate how different parameter settings affect performance after implementing the proposed optimization approaches for deploying FL within the UAV communication system. These analyses yield valuable insights into the comparative effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithms concerning overall energy consumption reduction.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Energy Efficiency for Federated Learning over Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Networks

Dang,

Shin

2024

Electronics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wireless communication is moving from the fifth generation (5G) to the six generation (6G). The whole industry chain is accelerating beyond imagination [1]. Everyone and everything will be connected to the 6G network [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole industry chain is accelerating beyond imagination [1]. Everyone and everything will be connected to the 6G network [1]. It is inevitable that every smart device will need to emit signals in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, leading to an unprecedented demand on power amplifiers (PAs) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Misaligned Current Phase

Hu,

Gan,

Shi

2024

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A broadband Doherty power amplifier (DPA) always experiences an efficiency degradation between two efficiency peaks, especially at two side bands. In this study, the efficiency degradation was demonstrated to be caused caused by the in-phase power combining at the saturation power level. To solve this problem, current misalignment was introduced into the broadband DPA design. The carrier and peaking PA have different current phases when performing the power combination at the saturation power level. In this work, it was also demonstrated that the efficiency in the high-power region of a DPA can be improved by elaborately using misaligned current phases. A detailed analysis and the design procedure of a broadband DPA are presented in this paper. And a 1.5–2.45 GHz broadband DPA was implemented and measured. The fabricated DPA achieves a saturation output power of 42.7–44.9 dBm, a saturation drain efficiency (DE) of 62.7–74.1% and a gain of 10.2–13.9 dB over 1.5–2.45 GHz. Moreover, the fabricated DPA also achieves a 6 dB back-off DE of more than 49.1% in the frequency band of interest.

show abstract

“…For example, terahertz can achieve wireless transmission rates of more than 10 Gbit/s in communication, which is impossible to achieve in microwave. And for the use of explosives in the terahertz band of different absorption spectra, terahertz can also detect and identify explosives [1][2][3][4]. However, most substances in nature are difficult to absorb terahertz wave by electromagnetic response with terahertz wave, which leads to the slow development of terahertz absorption devices [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Controlled and Adjustable Terahertz Device Based on Vanadium Dioxide

Lu,

Sun,

Xuan

et al. 2024

Coatings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a simple multifunctional terahertz absorber based on the simulation. The device consists of a gold layer, a SiO2 dielectric layer, and a VO2 top layer. The modulation mechanism of this device is to utilize the thermally induced phase transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide material. The simulation results show that when the temperature is 312 K, the device has the effect of complete reflection of terahertz waves. When the temperature is 345 K, the device has almost perfect absorption of terahertz wave in the range of 4.7–9.7 THz, and the spectral absorptivity is modulated in the range of 0~0.999. The electric field conditions at different temperatures were plotted to further explain the reasons for the performance transition of the device. The terahertz device was explained using impedance matching theory. In addition, the influence of different structural parameters on absorption rate was studied, providing reference for practical applications. At the same time, the device is polarization-insensitive and insensitive to the incident angle. When the incident angle changes from 0°to 45°, the device still has a stable absorption effect. The device has great application prospects in terahertz stealth, modulation, and other fields and provides ideas for the design of related devices.

show abstract

6G Networks and the AI Revolution—Exploring Technologies, Applications, and Emerging Challenges

Cited by 15 publications

References 130 publications

Optimization of Energy Efficiency for Federated Learning over Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Networks

Optimization of Energy Efficiency for Federated Learning over Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Networks

Design of Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Misaligned Current Phase

Temperature-Controlled and Adjustable Terahertz Device Based on Vanadium Dioxide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About