99Tcm-octreotide scintigraphy and serum eye muscle antibodies in evaluation of active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Sun, Bin; Zhang, Z; Dong, Chao; Zhang, Y; Cai, Yan; Li, S

doi:10.1038/eye.2017.42

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Another mechanism suggested in Graves' ophthalmopathy is that the autoantigen called calsequestrin derived from ocular muscles serves as a target of autoimmunity [ 5 ]. Although its pathogenic role remains under debate, calsequestrin has emerged as a new sensitive and specific biomarker of ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves' disease [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Euthyroid Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in a Patient Sero-Negative for TSH Receptor Autoantibody

Hotta

Tanaka

Kato

et al. 2018

Case Reports in Endocrinology

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We report of a case of Graves' ophthalmopathy presented solely with symptoms of the eyes with normal thyroid function tests and negative immunoreactive TSH receptor autoantibody. 40-year-old male was referred to our hospital due to 2-month history of ocular focusing deficit without any signs or symptoms of hyper- or hypothyroidism. Serum thyroid function tests and 99mTc uptake were both within the normal range. Anti-thyroid autoantibodies were all negative except for the cell-based assay for serum TSH receptor stimulating activity. Since orbital CT scan and MRI gave typical results compatible with Graves' ophthalmopathy, we treated the patients with corticosteroid pulse therapy and orbital radiation therapy, leading to a partial improvement of the symptoms. This case gives insights into the potential pathophysiologic mechanism underlying Graves' ophthalmopathy and casts light upon the difficulties of establishing the diagnosis in a euthyroid case with minimal positive results for anti-thyroid autoantibodies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Euthyroid Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in a Patient Sero-Negative for TSH Receptor Autoantibody

Hotta

Tanaka

Kato

et al. 2018

Case Reports in Endocrinology

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“…All participants had not previously received eye drops, glucocorticoid therapy, oral immunosuppressants, or radiotherapy. All patients were examined by the same ophthalmologist to evaluate clinical symptoms, orbital computed tomography, and Tc 99m -DTPA scintigraphy for TAO diagnosis ( Sun et al., 2017 ). Clinical symptoms included eyelid withdrawal, exophthalmia, and corneal epithelial injury based on the European Group guidelines on Graves’ orbitopathy ( Bartalena et al., 2008 ) and supplemented by the diagnosis of dry eyes ( Clayton, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the ocular surface microbiota between thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy patients and healthy subjects

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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PurposeThyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a chronic autoimmune disease. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the diversity and composition of the ocular microbiota in patients with TAO.MethodsPatients with TAO did not receive treatment for the disease and did not have exposed keratitis. Patients with TAO (TAO group) and healthy individuals (control group) were compared. All samples were swabbed at the conjunctival vault of the lower eyelid. The V3 to V4 region of the 16S rDNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction and sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 Sequencing Platform. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the differences between the groups and the correlation between ocular surface microbiota and the disease. The ocular surface microbiota of patients and healthy individuals were cultured.ResultsThe ocular surface microbiota structure of TAO patients changed significantly. The average relative abundance of Bacillus and Brevundimonas increased significantly in the TAO group. Corynebacterium had a significantly decreased relative abundance (P<0.05). Paracoccus, Haemophilus, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium were positively correlated with the severity of clinical manifestations or disease activity (P<0.05). Bacillus cereus and other opportunistic pathogens were obtained by culture from TAO patients.ConclusionsThis study found that the composition of ocular microbiota in patients with TAO was significantly different from that in healthy individuals. The ocular surface opportunistic pathogens, such as Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Paracoccus, and Haemophilus in TAO patients, increase the potential risk of ocular surface infection. The findings of this study provide a new avenue of research into the mechanism of ocular surface in TAO patients.

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“…Various antibodies have been found in GO including antibodies against TSHR, thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, IGF-1R, carboxymethyl lysine, uveal autoantigen with coiled-coil domains, and ankyrin repeats (UACA), calsequestrin, and others [50][51][52]. These antibodies are correlated with either severity and activity of GO or the conduction of signaling pathways and thus participate in the pathogenesis of GO [53].…”

Section: Antibodymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anti-calsequestrin antibodies 1 are mainly IgG 1 and IgG 3 subclass and may cause damage to extraocular muscle [68]. Anti-calsequestrin antibodies are higher in active GO and may be related to CAS [50]. However, since anti-calsequestrin antibodies 1 are positive in about one third of patients with GO, the finding that anti-calsequestrin antibodies 1 increases the risk of GO should be interpreted with caution [68].…”

Section: Antibodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk factors for Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Cao

Chen

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose This review aimed to provide an overview of current research into the risk factors for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods To find information about the risk factors for GO, the research database PubMed was searched and relevant articles were obtained to extract information about risk factors. Results Smoking has been widely accepted as an important risk factor and cigarette smoking cessation has been shown to improve the outcome and decrease the onset of GO. Radioactive iodine on the thyroid may induce hyperthyroidism and increase the occurrence of GO. Selenium deficiency is a risk factor for GO and the supplementation of selenium has been an adjuvant therapy. Decreasing stressful life events (SLE) may help improve GO. Imbalance in intestinal flora is essential to GO, with Yersinia enterocolitica and Escherichia coli both increased in the digestive tract of the individual with GO. In addition, controlling serum cholesterol may help improve GO since adipogenesis is an important pathological change in its pathogenesis. Considering the correlation between Graves' disease and GO, maintaining normal thyroid function hormone level is the first-line therapeutic strategy to prevent progression of GO. An increase in antibodies such as TSHR and IGF-1R is the main predictor of GO. Besides, gender and gene polymorphism are also risk factors towards GO. Conclusions Risk factors for GO arise from five sources: physical and chemical environment, social-psychological environment, biological environment, the human organism, and genetic codes. Risk factors within these categories may interact with each other and their mechanisms in promoting the development of GO are complex. Research into risk factors for GO may promote emerging fields related to GO such as control of autoantibodies and intestinal microbiota.

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99Tcm-octreotide scintigraphy and serum eye muscle antibodies in evaluation of active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

A Case of Euthyroid Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in a Patient Sero-Negative for TSH Receptor Autoantibody

A Case of Euthyroid Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in a Patient Sero-Negative for TSH Receptor Autoantibody

Comparison of the ocular surface microbiota between thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy patients and healthy subjects

The risk factors for Graves’ ophthalmopathy

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