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Nolan, Susan A.; Roberts, John Η.; Gotlib, Ian H.

doi:10.1023/a:1018769531641

Cited by 186 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The BFI-N has shown good internal consistency and test–retest reliability in earlier research (Hampson and Goldberg, 2006; Rammstedt and John 2007), with α = .83 in the current study. As individuals who are higher in neuroticism tend to ruminate more (Nolan et al, 1998; Roberts et al, 1998) it was expected that scores on MRIS total, Intrusion and Brooding subscales would be positively correlated with the BFI-N (convergent validity).…”

Section: Study 2: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Validation Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing rumination in response to illness: the development and validation of the Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale (MRIS)

2013

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The cognitive style of rumination extends existing cognitive models of emotional response to illness. In the absence of a specific measure, we developed the Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale (MRIS). In Study 1, an initial 60-item pool was tested, followed by confirmation of the factor structure in Study 2. In Study 1 participants (n = 185) completed the pilot version of the MRIS, then in Study 2 (n = 163) a reduced 41-item model was tested. Study 1: Exploratory factor analysis of a reduced 32-item scale indicated an initial four-factor solution for the MRIS (Intrusion, Brooding, Instrumental, Preventability), with satisfactory internal consistency and stable factor structure across gender. Study 2: Following scale revision, confirmatory factor analysis substantiated the adequacy of a three-factor MRIS structure, and good internal consistency, test-rest reliability, and concurrent and discriminant validity was demonstrated for the MRIS. The MRIS exhibited good psychometric properties in the current sample, providing a comprehensive assessment of the cognitive style of rumination in the context of physical illness.

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Section: Study 2: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Validation Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing rumination in response to illness: the development and validation of the Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale (MRIS)

2013

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“…Consistent with this, Roberts et al (1998) found that neuroticism can lead to a ruminative focus on depressive symptoms. Moreover, in an attempt to predict changes in depressive symptomatology over time, Nolan et al (1998) showed that both neuroticism (i.e., NA) and ruminative response style are vulnerability factors for depression and that the relation between neuroticism and depression is mediated by a ruminative response style. In addition to temperamental reactivity, self-regulation problems (more specifically deficits in executive functioning, such as inhibitory deficits and attentional inflexibility) have been related to rumination (see Joormann 2005; for a review).…”

Section: Mediators Of the Temperament-depression Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperament and Risk for Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Mediation by Rumination and Moderation by Effortful Control

Verstraeten

Vasey

Raes

et al. 2008

J Abnorm Child Psychol

146

134

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The present study examined the relations between temperament, ruminative response style and depressive symptoms both cross-sectionally and prospectively (1 year follow-up) in a community sample of 304 seventh- through tenth-graders. First, higher levels of negative affectivity (NA), lower levels of positive affectivity (PA) and lower levels of effortful control (EC) were found to be associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. Second, the association between NA and PA on the one hand and depressive symptoms on the other was significantly moderated by level of EC (low PA and high NA are associated with depressive symptoms only if EC is low) and these relations were moderated by sex in the cross-sectional data. In the prospective data, T1 depressive symptoms and PA predicted T2 depressive symptoms; with EC approaching significance. Third, rumination also predicted T1 as well as T2 depressive symptoms. Finally, support was found for a model of moderated mediation: higher levels of NA were associated with higher levels of ruminative response style, which was in turn related to more depressive symptoms but only in individuals with low EC and this was true for the cross-sectional as well as the prospective data albeit with noteworthy differences in pattern. These findings confirm and extend previous findings on the associations between temperament, response styles and depression in adolescence and, as such, add to the growing body of research providing support for the applicability of cognitive vulnerability theories to depression in younger populations.

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“…85 Rumination is similar to worry with the exception that rumination focuses on bad feelings and experiences from the past, whereas worry is concerned with potential bad events in the future. 86 Both rumination and worry are associated with clinical anxiety and depression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive–behavioural therapy and short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy versus brief psychosocial intervention in adolescents with unipolar major depression (IMPACT): a multicentre, pragmatic, observer-blind, randomised controlled trial

Goodyer

Reynolds

Barrett

et al. 2017

Health Technol Assess

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BackgroundAlthough there are effective psychological treatments for unipolar major depression in adolescents, whether or not one or more of the available therapies maintain reduced depressive symptoms 1 year after the end of treatment is not known. This is a non-trivial issue because maintaining lowered depressive symptoms below a clinical threshold level reduces the risk for diagnostic relapse into the adult years.ObjectiveTo determine whether or not either of two specialist psychological treatments, cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) or short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy (STPP), is more effective than a reference brief psychosocial intervention (BPI) in maintaining reduction of depression symptoms in the year after treatment.DesignObserver-blind, parallel-group, pragmatic superiority randomised controlled trial.SettingA total of 15 outpatient NHS clinics in the UK from East Anglia, north-west England and North London.ParticipantsAdolescents aged 11–17 years withDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition major depression including those with suicidality, depressive psychosis and conduct disorder. Patients were randomised using stochastic minimisation controlling for age, sex and self-reported depression sum score; 470 patients were randomised and 465 were included in the analyses.InterventionsIn total, 154 adolescents received CBT, 156 received STPP and 155 received BPI. The trial lasted 86 weeks and study treatments were delivered in the first 36 weeks, with 52 weeks of follow-up.Main outcome measuresMean sum score on self-reported depressive symptoms (primary outcome) at final study assessment (nominally 86 weeks, at least 52 weeks after end of treatment). Secondary measures were change in mean sum scores on self-reported anxiety symptoms and researcher-rated Health of the Nation scales for children and adolescents measuring psychosocial function. Following baseline assessment, there were a further five planned follow-up reassessments at nominal time points of 6, 12, 52 and 86 weeks post randomisation.ResultsThere were non-inferiority effects of CBT compared with STPP [treatment effect by final follow-up = –0.578, 95% confidence interval (CI) –2.948 to 4.104;p = 0.748]. There were no superiority effects for the two specialist treatments (CBT + STPP) compared with BPI (treatment effect by final follow-up = –1.898, 95% CI –4.922 to 1.126;p = 0.219). At final assessment there was no significant difference in the mean depressive symptom score between treatment groups. There was an average 49–52% reduction in depression symptoms by the end of the study. There were no differences in total costs or quality-of-life scores between treatment groups and prescribing a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) during treatment or follow-up did not differ between the therapy arms and, therefore, did not mediate the outcome.ConclusionsThe three psychological treatments differed markedly in theoretical and clinical approach and are associated with a similar degree of clinical improvement, cost-effectiveness and subsequent maintenance of lowered depressive symptoms. Both STPP and BPI offer an additional patient treatment choice, alongside CBT, for depressed adolescents attending specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. Further research should focus on psychological mechanisms that are associated with treatment response, the maintenance of positive effects, determinants of non-response and whether or not brief psychotherapies are of use in primary care and community settings.LimitationsNeither reason for SSRI prescribing or monitoring of medication compliance was controlled for over the course of the study, and the economic results were limited by missing data.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN83033550.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Heath Research Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 21, No. 12. See the National Institute for Heath Research Journals Library website for further project information. Funding was also provided by the Department of Health. The funders had no role in the study design, patient recruitment, data collection, analysis or writing of the study, any aspect pertinent to the study or the decision to submit toThe Lancet.

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Untitled

Cited by 186 publications

References 25 publications

Assessing rumination in response to illness: the development and validation of the Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale (MRIS)

Assessing rumination in response to illness: the development and validation of the Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale (MRIS)

Temperament and Risk for Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Mediation by Rumination and Moderation by Effortful Control

Cognitive–behavioural therapy and short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy versus brief psychosocial intervention in adolescents with unipolar major depression (IMPACT): a multicentre, pragmatic, observer-blind, randomised controlled trial

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