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Bell, R.W.

doi:10.1023/a:1004268110139

Cited by 89 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…For the diagnosis of B deficiency in plants, a total B analysis of the youngest leaves has been used, although the critical B content is species dependent and should be determined in advance for each plant. 5 In contrast, the dRG-II-B ratio method is theoretically applicable to any plants regardless of their B content level, and moreover, could diagnose the degree of B deficiency, including latent deficiency (hidden hunger), which shows no visible symptoms. Further studies on field-grown plants should be performed to establish the dRG-II-B ratio analysis together with the water-soluble B analysis as a practical method for diagnosing B deficiency in crops.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 In plant analysis for mineral nutrition diagnosis, 6,7 the total mineral content of leaves is frequently determined to compare with the critical content. Based on the role and behavior of minerals in plants, the fractionated analysis of active forms (e.g., water-soluble) and biochemical analysis of metal species related to the metal function (e.g., metalloenzyme) has also been proposed.…”

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Borate Cross-Linked/Total Rhamnogalacturonan II Ratio in Cell Walls for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Boron Deficiency in Hydroponically Grown Pumpkin

Matsunaga

Ishii

2006

ANAL. SCI.

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Boron (B) is an essential trace element for vascular plants, 1,2 and B deficiency inhibits the growth of root and shoot tips. 3 The B deficiency in field crops has been reported for various species and in many countries. 4 B deficiency is diagnosed by plant symptoms and by soil and plant analysis for good crop management. 5In plant analysis for mineral nutrition diagnosis, 6,7 the total mineral content of leaves is frequently determined to compare with the critical content. Based on the role and behavior of minerals in plants, the fractionated analysis of active forms (e.g., water-soluble) and biochemical analysis of metal species related to the metal function (e.g., metalloenzyme) has also been proposed. Water-soluble B is reported to be possible to diagnose the B nutritional status in plants. 8 However, a biochemical diagnosis method for B has not yet been developed because the function of B in plants at the molecular level has not been well resolved until recent years.In the last decade, much progress has been made in studying the chemical form and function of B in plants (Fig. 1).1,2 It has been demonstrated that the water-soluble B in plants is present as boric acid, and as a borate ester with low-molecular-weight diol compounds (1:1 and 1:2), 9,10 and that the amount of watersoluble B decreases with a decrease in the B supply. 8,11 Waterinsoluble B has been revealed to exist in cell walls as a dimeric rhamnogalacturonan II-borate (dRG-II-B) complex, in which a borate-apiose (1:2) ester cross-links two monomeric RG-IIs. [12][13][14][15][16] The pectic polysaccharide RG-II is covalently bound to homogalacturonan, which is a major component of pectin. 17The borate cross-linked RG-II or dRG-II-B/total RG-II ratio in cell walls of B-sufficient and deficient plants is reported to be 0.8 -0.9 and 0 -0.2, respectively. 18,19 These studies have established that the major function of B in plants is to covalently cross-link RG-II by a borate ester, and thereby to form a pectic network. Such cross-linked pectin macromolecules contribute to the strength and integrity of cell walls. [18][19][20] Considering this B function, it is expected that the dRG-II-B to total RG-II ratio in cell walls would be a useful biochemical index to diagnose B deficiency in plants. Thus, in the present study, we analyzed the dRG-II-B to total RG-II ratio as well as the water-soluble B content of tissues of pumpkin hydroponically grown under various low-B conditions to evaluate their applicability to the diagnosis of plant B deficiency. Materials and Methods Plant material and growth conditionsPumpkin seeds (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne cv. TokyoKabocha, Sakata Seed Co., Yokohama, Japan) were sown in washed rock-wool 66R (Nitto Boseki Co., Tokyo, Japan) and grown in a growth chamber Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan **Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for vascular plants. The function of B has been demonstrated to cro...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Borate Cross-Linked/Total Rhamnogalacturonan II Ratio in Cell Walls for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Boron Deficiency in Hydroponically Grown Pumpkin

Matsunaga

Ishii

2006

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Além destes, a intensidade luminosa também é mencionada, em vários estudos, como agente potenciador da sensibilidade das plantas à escassez de B (Bell, 1997;Cakmak e Römheld, 1997), por induzir maiores crescimentos e, por essa via, também aumenta as exigências deste micronutriente. Por outro lado, Huang et al (2005Huang et al ( , 2007 referem que a escassez de B agrava os estragos provocados pelas geadas tardias, particularmente em locais onde a intensidade luminosa é elevada.…”

Section: Factores Climáticos: Temperatura E Precipitaçãounclassified

“…Alguns autores constataram que a resposta mais ou menos acentuada ao B depende da ocorrência ou não de baixas temperaturas (Bell, 1997), facto este corroborado por Portela et al (2015). Com efeito, nos ensaios instalados em Jou (Murça) foi observada uma reacção do castanheiro mais notória em 2008, ano em que ocorreu uma vaga de frio anormal no período da floração.…”

Section: Factores Climáticos: Temperatura E Precipitaçãounclassified

Carências de boro no interior - norte e centro - de Portugal

Portela¹,

Vale²,

Abreu

2015

Rev. Ciênc. Agr.

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R E S U M OEm Portugal, a deficiência de boro tem sido observada em quase todo o território, particularmente no interior, causando prejuízos assinaláveis nas culturas. Foi reconhecida pela primeira vez na década de 50 do séc. XX, nas vinhas do Douro (designada de 'maromba'). Desde os anos 80 vêm sendo realizados estudos sistemáticos no interior norte/centro do país para identificação e correcção desta carência em fruteiras e espécies florestais/agroflorestais. Neste trabalho de revisão faz-se uma inventariação das formações geológicas/litológicas onde mais amiúde se têm detectado as carências de boro, bem como as unidades pedológicas onde elas já foram identificadas. Enunciam-se os condicionalismos de ordem ambiental que mais potenciam o seu aparecimento. Com base em estudos efectuados nestas regiões, indica-se para algumas arbóreas a sintomatologia da deficiência e as concentrações de boro, nos solos e nas folhas, para as quais se observaram esses sintomas. Também se apresentam resultados experimentais da aplicação de boro em termos de crescimentos e de produtividade das culturas. Por último, procuraram-se explicações para perplexidades suscitadas pelas reacções das plantas aos estados de carência, ou aquando da aplicação de boro, desde o aparecimento da 'maromba' no séc. XIX até aos dias de hoje. Finaliza-se com recomendações de estratégias para corrigir a carência deste micronutriente.Palavras-chave: boro extraível, concentração foliar de boro, nível crítico no solo, sintomas de carência de boro. A B S T R A C TIn Portugal, boron deficiency has been observed almost everywhere, in particular in the interior of the country, causing severe crop damage. In the 1950's, the growth anomalies in the Douro vineyards were recognised as a boron deficiency (called ´maromba'). From the 1980's onwards systematic studies have been carried out in the northern and central interior of Portugal with the purpose of identifying and correcting this deficiency in fruit trees and forest/agroforest species. In this review paper an inventory of geological/lithological formations and soil groups is carried out where the boron shortage was most often detected. The environmental conditions that enhanced the occurrence of boron deficiency were reviewed. Based on studies carried out in these regions, the deficiency symptoms of selected trees were described, and also the boron concentrations in soils and leaves in which the symptoms had been observed were recorded. Experimental results of boron fertilisation in terms of growth or yield increase of crops were presented. Finally, an attempt is made to explain perplexities arisen from unexpected plant reactions, either due to the deficiency or to boron application, since the emergence of ´maromba' in the 19 th century until the present. In addition, some strategies for correction of scarcity of this micronutrient are suggested.

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“…DTPA is a chelating agent that binds to the free-ions of these metals and reduces their activity in solution, thereby mimicking plant uptake and stimulating the replenishment of the metal ions in solution from the solid phase (Sims and Johnson, 1991). Although DTPA extraction has been shown to be effective to test for available B (Matsi et al, 2000), the hot-water method (Bell, 1997) is the established method for determination of extractable B in combination with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) or spectrophotometric determination (Sah and Brown, 1997). DTPA-extractable soil concentrations of Cu, Mn, and Zn, as well as hot-water extractable B, are often significantly correlated with plant uptake of these elements (Sims and Johnson, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and Crop Micronutrient Concentrations as Modified by Wastewater Sludge

McGonigle

Evans

Wells³

2014

JEE

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Soil extracts are used to provide a measure of plant nutrient bioavailability, but their predictive capacity is variable. In a greenhouse experiment, soil was amended with sewage sludge from textile manufacturing wastewater. We investigated the correspondence between maize (Zea mays L.) shoot uptake and concentrations in soil extractions for plant essential micronutrients concentrated in the sludge: B, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Hot water extract was used for B, whereas diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extract was used for Cu, Mn, and Zn. Separate pots with NH 4 NO 3 amendment, but no sludge, allowed comparison of soil micronutrient extraction and plant uptake under conditions of elevated mineral N fertility similar to those with sludge amendment, but in the absence of sludge. Addition of sludge did not change soil extractable concentrations nor shoot concentrations of B and Zn. B was ISSN 2157-6092 2014 www.macrothink.org/jee 34 abundant in the sludge but likely remained strongly bound as organic complexes, whereas the quantity of Zn was not high enough to register difference. Shoot Mn was increased by both sludge amendment and an NH 4 NO 3 effect, likely from pH decrease associated with nitrification of the ammonium in the sludge and in the fertilizer. DTPA-extractable Mn increased in sludge-amended plots. DTPA-extractable Cu increased strongly following sludge amendment, but, in contrast to Mn, shoot Cu concentration was not changed. Thus, selectivity of roots to avoid Cu is not revealed by DTPA. The correspondence between extraction-based estimation of availability and the actual plant uptake varies among micronutrients due to effects of soil conditions and selectivity of roots. Journal of Environment and Ecology

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Untitled

Cited by 89 publications

References 97 publications

Borate Cross-Linked/Total Rhamnogalacturonan II Ratio in Cell Walls for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Boron Deficiency in Hydroponically Grown Pumpkin

Borate Cross-Linked/Total Rhamnogalacturonan II Ratio in Cell Walls for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Boron Deficiency in Hydroponically Grown Pumpkin

Carências de boro no interior - norte e centro - de Portugal

Soil and Crop Micronutrient Concentrations as Modified by Wastewater Sludge

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