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Jentschke, Georg; Drexhage, Michael; Fritz, Heinz-Werner; Fritz, Eberhard; Schella, Bruno; Lee, Do‐Hyung; Gruber, Franz; Heimann, Jutta; Kuhr, M.; Schmidt, Joachim; Schmidt, Susanne; Zimmermann, R.; Godbold, Douglas L.

doi:10.1023/a:1013305712465

Cited by 67 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The fact that no increase of rooting depth was found suggests that, except for N availability, chemical properties of the subsoil did not sufficiently respond under clean rain treatment. Given the critical molar Ca/Al ratios of <0.5 (Jentschke et al 2001) and only marginal changes in soil solution pH, we conclude that Al stress is still present in the subsoil.…”

Section: Fine Root Biomassmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Fine root Ca/Al ratio is positively correlated to the Ca/Al ratio of soil solution (Vanguelova et al 2005) and thus a good indicator for the risk of Al toxicity and root vitality. Furthermore, it affects growth and morphology of fine roots (Cronan and Grigal 1995;Jentschke et al 2001;Vanguelova et al 2007). The elevated Ca/Al ratios indicate a recovery from soil acidification and diminished risk of Al toxicity.…”

Section: Fine Root Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of the fine root system in a Norway spruce stand to 13 years of reduced atmospheric nitrogen and acidity input

2010

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Atmospheric inputs of acids and nitrogen (N) have altered growth and vitality of forests for decades, but there is a lack of understanding concerning the response of these forests to reduced deposition. We studied fine root parameters of a Norway spruce stand treated with reduced input (clean rain) for 13 years. Fine roots of the clean rain plot had smaller N and Al contents, however, fine roots in the subsoil were still subjected to soil acidity and Al toxicity as indicated by a fine root Ca/Al ratio of less than 0.5. The treatment effect was most pronounced in the organic layer of the clean rain plot where fine root biomass increased by 66% and the live/dead ratio of fine roots increased by more than 100%. The elevated live/dead ratio was attributed to reduced mortality and faster decomposition of fine root litter. The latter was supported by a positive relationship between live/dead ratio and manganese content of fine roots. In contrast to the organic layer, fine root biomass was not different in the mineral soil. However, at 20-40 cm fine root diameter was greater and specific root tip density was smaller than in the topsoil likely because of strong N limitation as indicated by a C/N ratio of >50. Based on these morphological changes we postulate differing functional properties of fine roots in the organic layer and mineral soil below 20 cm depth. Further, our results suggest that Picea abies is able to adapt morphology and functional traits of its root system following reduced N availability.

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Section: Fine Root Biomassmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Fine Root Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the fine root system in a Norway spruce stand to 13 years of reduced atmospheric nitrogen and acidity input

2010

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“…In particular, Ca/Al [37] or Bc/Al [39,40] ratios below 1.0 have been proposed as threshold values, below which there is risk of significant damage of plants. Al concentration (or Ca/Al ratio) and acid deposition-induced Mg (and possibly Ca) deficiency are important factors influencing root growth and distribution in acidic forest soils [41]. The Bc/Al in ratio in O horizon leachate was 4.6 and 70 in spruce and beech stands, respectively.…”

Section: Aluminium and Docmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species (Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica) effects on soil water acidification and aluminium chemistry at sites subjected to long-term acidification in the Ore Mts., Czech Republic

Oulehle

Hruška

2005

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

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“…Basically it is the same process as natural acidification but being too potent it exceeds the buffering capacity of the soil: the base saturation of the cation exchange sites of the mineral soil is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the storage of base cations such as Mg and Ca and increases the availability of potentially toxic ions such as Al (Ulrich et al 1994). The concentration of available Al is highest in the subsoil, which is probably the reason for the shallow rooting pattern (Jentschke et al 2001, Godbold et al 2003 and higher fine root mortality (Godbold et al 2003) observed in acidified soil. Also, the lower the pH of the soil gets, the more difficult it becomes for the plants to acquire nutrients from the soil.…”

Section: Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method is thus more suitable for comparing different treatments, rather than for assessing the actual root production (Makkonen & Helmisaari 1999). The modification of ingrowth cores, the ingrowth meshes (Fahey & Hughes 1994, Jentschke et al 2001, Godbold et al 2003, Hirano et al 2009, provide some solutions to the above-mentioned shortcomings, as their installation causes less disturbance, and the physical properties of the soil remain unchanged.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Norway spruce fine root dynamics and carbon input into soil in relation to environmental factors

Leppälammi‐Kujansuu¹

2014

Diss. For.

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Knowledge of the quantity of belowground litter carbon (C) input is scarce but highly valued in C budget calculations. Specifically, the turnover rate of fine roots is considered as one of the most important parameters in the estimation of changes in soil C stock. In this thesis Norway spruce (Picea abies L. (Karst.)) fine root lifespan and litter production were studied and their responses to nutrient availability and temperature were examined. Aboveground foliage and understory litter C inputs were also quantified. Furthermore, fine root isotopic C ages were compared to fine root lifespans. Increased nutrient availability and higher temperature shortened spruce fine root lifespan both in the manipulation treatments and along a latitude gradient. Fertilization improved tree growth and the absolute amount of litter production, both below-and aboveground. Soil warming, by contrast, increased the belowground litter production in relation to aboveground foliage litterfall but did not lead to long-term increases in aboveground tree growth. In warmed soil, the changes in spruce short root morphology indicated nutrient deficiency. Fine root litter C input into the soil in relation to the aboveground litter C input was higher towards lower fertility, due particularly to the greater contribution of understory vegetation. The structural 14 C age of fine roots was consistently 3-6 years older than fine root lifespan determined with the minirhizotron method indicating that root growth may use also use stored or recycled C. In almost all stands, fine root litter C input into the soil at least equalled the aboveground input, which confirms the significance of belowground litter production in the boreal forest C cycle. The importance of understory vegetation was also significant. In addition on understory vegetation, different stand age and tree species, more studies should also focus on the shift in the litter production pattern from above-to belowground along environmental change as this may have an impact on litter C quality and soil C storage in boreal forest soils.

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Cited by 67 publications

References 50 publications

Response of the fine root system in a Norway spruce stand to 13 years of reduced atmospheric nitrogen and acidity input

Response of the fine root system in a Norway spruce stand to 13 years of reduced atmospheric nitrogen and acidity input

Tree species (Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica) effects on soil water acidification and aluminium chemistry at sites subjected to long-term acidification in the Ore Mts., Czech Republic

Norway spruce fine root dynamics and carbon input into soil in relation to environmental factors

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