Untitled

Abstract

The anthelmintic efficacy of benzimidazoles (albendazole, fenbendazole and oxfendazole), levamisole, oral ivermectin and closantel was evaluated on a farm in Kenya using faecal egg count reduction test, larval cultures and a controlled slaughter trial. The results of this study indicated simultaneous resistance of Haemonchus contortus against benzimidazoles, levamisole and ivermectin, and of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Oesophagostomum spp. against levamisole on the same farm. Ivermectin resistance developed to 47% within 15 months of first use. Closantel was effective against the benzimidazoles, levamisole and ivermectin resistant H. contortus.

Efficacy of albendazole against nematode parasites isolated from a goat farm in Ethiopia: relationship between dose and efficacy in goats

“…In addition to this, difference in genetic predisposition to develop resistance may contribute to the observed difference in resistance between the two species of parasites (Sangster 2001;Coles 2005). This finding agrees with previous reports in which complete susceptibility of O. columbianum to albendazole was observed in farms where the other parasites like Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus were found highly resistant (Waruiru et al 1998;Wanyangu et al 1996).…”

“…This is in agreement with the observation of Ademe (2003) that H. contortus caused the death of goats a week after treatment with albendazole in the farm where strain of the suspected parasites in the present experiment were isolated. H. contortus has been reported to be the main species involved in drug resistance in different countries (Borgsteede et al 1996;Waruiru et al 1998;Waller 2003). It has also been shown that the problem of anthelmintic resistance is clearly linked to the drenching frequency, the presence of H. contortus and the prevailing type of grazing management (Waller et al 1995).…”

“…Anthelmintic resistance has been reported among the gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats from different parts of the world (Waruiru et al 1998;van Wyk et al 1999;Chandrawathani et al 2003;Wolstenholme et al 2004;Bentounsi et al 2006: Jabar et al 2006. It is the most important problem in the small ruminant production throughout the world, particularly in the warmer and humid environments which is mainly due to the highly pathogenic nematode parasite H. contortus (Waller 2003).…”