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Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.; Somlyódy, L.

doi:10.1023/a:1007984001105

Cited by 34 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…As the only connecting term between energy balance and water balance (Xu and Singh, 2005), evapotranspiration is considered to be an effective indicator reflecting the activities of climate change and energy cycle (Wang et al ., 2012). Climate change has significantly influenced all elements of the hydrological cycle in multiple ways (Kundzewicz and Somlyody, 1997; Zhang et al ., 2009; Jung et al ., 2010), with evapotranspiration being the central climatic element (Jung et al ., 2010). There are various terms used to describe evapotranspiration, among which reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) is the basis for evapotranspiration estimation and provides a standard value for evapotranspiration estimation under different climatic conditions (Gao et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation‐dependent changes in the trend of reference evapotranspiration in the Tibetan Plateau during 1960–2017

Chang

Ding

Zhao

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Elevation plays a crucial role in modulating the spatiotemporal distributions of climatic variables in mountainous regions, which affects water and energy balances, among which reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is a key hydrological indicator. However, the response of ET0 to climate change with elevation continues to be poorly understood, especially in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) which has elevation variations of more than 4,000 m. The spatiotemporal variations of ET0 with elevation were investigated using long‐term (1960–2017) meteorological observations from 82 stations on the TP. The results suggest that the average annual ET0 showed an insignificant increasing trend. A significant negative correlation between ET0 and elevation was found (p < .01). The positive trends of ET0 decreased with elevation, whereas the negative trends of ET0 increased significantly with elevation (p < .05). The magnitude of trends of ET0 becomes smaller at higher‐elevation stations. Sensitivity analysis indicated that ET0 was most sensitive to shortwave radiation (Rs). Moreover, the sensitivities of temperature (T) and wind speed (U) significantly decreased with elevation, whereas those of Rs and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) increased slightly with elevation. The contribution and path analyse indicated that increasing VPD was the dominant contributor to the increase in ET0. The effect of elevation on ET0 variation mainly depended on the tradeoff between the contributions of U and VPD. U was the largest contributing factor for the change in ET0 below 2,500 m, whereas VPD was the primary contributor to the increase in ET0 above 2,500 m. This study provides insights into the response of ET0 to climate change with elevation on the TP, which is of great significance to hydrometeorological processes in high‐altitude regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation‐dependent changes in the trend of reference evapotranspiration in the Tibetan Plateau during 1960–2017

Chang

Ding

Zhao

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Modelling climate change impacts in the Peace and Athabasca catchment and delta: I—hydrological model application

Toth

Pietroniro

Conly

et al. 2006

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD) is an extensive freshwater delta fed by the confluence of the Peace and Athabasca rivers. The Peace River, with regulation at the W.A.C. Bennett Dam, has a direct influence on the hydrology and eco-hydrology of the PAD. To investigate the relative roles of climate variability and flow regulation, the Peace and Athabasca watershed and delta were simulated using a distributed hydrologic model, WATFLOOD. The model was forced using historical, station-observed data as well as climate change scenario temperature and precipitation data. The modelled hydrographs over the 24-year simulation period were compared with measured values at the 14 streamflow stations with generally good agreement for volume and timing of flow, monthly estimates having a Nash-Sutcliffe (R 2 ) of 0Ð76 and 0Ð72 for the Peace and Athabasca Rivers, respectively. However, the total of the monthly runoff estimates were positively biased by 19% and 29%, respectively (Peace River at Peace Point,A comparison between estimated current and future climate scenarios revealed a significant shift towards an earlier melt season as well as elevated winter flows for both river systems. The uniform application of temperature and precipitation change yields a non-uniform response. The lower elevations of the Athabasca system show trends towards increased streamflow volumes; however, the higher elevations of the Peace River system may experience increased evaporative flux which will more fully compensate for higher precipitation resulting in only slightly increased streamflow under changed climate. The degree and direction of estimated change in streamflow are heavily dependant on the climate change scenario.

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Changes in reference evapotranspiration across the Tibetan Plateau: Observations and future projections based on statistical downscaling

Wang

Shao

et al. 2013

JGR Atmospheres

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[1] Long-term changes in historical observations and future projections of reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) are of great importance in assessing the potential impacts of climate change on the hydrologic regime as well as water resources systems. In this study, with the aid of nonparametric trend analysis and geographic information system methods, spatial and seasonal patterns of changes in ET 0 across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) were investigated using meteorological data of 81 stations for the period of 1961-2010. Almost half of all stations in the plateau, most of which were distributed in the north plateau, and the southwest and southeast corners, were characterized by decreasing trends in ET 0 during 1961-2010 at both annual and seasonal scales. The temporal regional average series presented a zigzag increasing-decreasing-increasing pattern with two joint points in 1973 and 1993. The increasing vapor pressure deficit and air temperature dominated the increase in ET 0 in the past two decades. The intrinsic mechanism term of hydrological feedback was attempted to be explored by examining the applicability of the Bouchet's hypothesis and Budyko-type expressions in the TP. Complementary effect existed between potential evaporation and actual evapotranspiration, deviating from theoretic relationship of Bouchet's hypothesis. Water-limited and energy-limited evaporation patterns at mean annual scale can be described well by Budyko-type expressions in the TP, especially Zhang's curve. Changing characteristics of the projected ET 0 on the plateau during 2011-2100 from the HadCM3 (Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3) under A2 and B2 emission scenarios and CGCM3 (the third generation couple global climate model) under A2 and A1B emission scenarios were projected based on a statistical downscaling method (SDSM). The SDSM performed fairly well in reproducing ET 0 . The continuous increase in ET 0 in the 21st century was revealed by both climate models. Concurrently, a larger increasing magnitude in ET 0 was generally projected by HadCM3 compared with that by CGCM3. Spatially, projected annual ET 0 changes under the different scenarios are similar with the increments in the north and southeast corners of the plateau and low increments over the southwest, northwest, and middle of the plateau. The results can provide beneficial reference to agriculture, water resource, and eco-environment management strategies in the plateau region for associated policymakers and stakeholders.

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Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Elevation‐dependent changes in the trend of reference evapotranspiration in the Tibetan Plateau during 1960–2017

Elevation‐dependent changes in the trend of reference evapotranspiration in the Tibetan Plateau during 1960–2017

Modelling climate change impacts in the Peace and Athabasca catchment and delta: I—hydrological model application

Changes in reference evapotranspiration across the Tibetan Plateau: Observations and future projections based on statistical downscaling

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