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The Prosodic Word in European Portuguese

“…In short, Bulgarian also possesses a strategy that prevents some (but not all) clitics from being sentence initial. Although the reason for this is not given in Rudin et al (1999), we may extend the hypothesis put forward for Modern European Portuguese and Old French to Bulgarian. That is, it is possible that in this language too sentence (intonational phrase) initial position is prominent, and thus a process only available to some clitics applies in order to prevent them from occurring in such a prominent location.…”

“…In fact, Bulgarian possesses one such directional clitic -the question particle li (cf. Halpern 1995: 2.5.1; Rudin et al 1999). As expected given this property, this particle may not appear sentence initially or preceded by another clitic precisely because it must cliticize to the preceding prosodic word.…”

“…For example, according to Rudin et al (1999), Bulgarian pronominal and auxiliary clitics are restricted from being sentence initial, whereas other clitics are not. This is illustrated in (472) and (473), where capital letters signal word stress.…”

Exploring English by Means of Contrast

“…Macedonian polar questions, especially those with negation, have been severely understudied. Several studies of yes/no-questions that have come to our attention focus on form, word order in general or the placement of the question particle li and/or dali (Englund 1977;Rudin et al 1999;Lazarova-Nikovska 2003), saying very little about the use of the interrogative variants. A more recent study by Jordanoska and Meertens (2018) examines the pragmatic effects of li in one type of PPQs.…”

Daco-Romanian Definite DPs at the Syntax-Phonology Interface

“…'Have you given him the money?' (Rudin et al 1999) (b) Chain output at PF (Bošković 2001): si-mu-gi dal li si mu gi dal parite? I will propose that Agree chains are also subject to Chain Reduction.…”