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Application of Mechanochemical Pretreatment to Aqueous Extraction of Isofraxidin from Eleutherococcus Senticosus

“…Mechanochemical treatment has found application in diverse areas such as mechanical alloying, , synthesis of organic or inorganic compounds, , denaturation of cellulose, , and decomposition of organic wastes . This study also demonstrates the potential of this process for extraction of bioactive compounds from medical herbs.…”

Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis

“…251 More complicated ligands may also be used, such as the amino acid gabapentin which can be ground with MCl 2 (M=Cu, Zn) to form MCl 2 (gabapentin) 2 . 252 Simple metal salts may also be made in this way, as grinding two equivalents of imidazolium chloride ([H 2 im]Cl) with the metal chlorides MCl 2 (M=Co, Cu, Zn) gave the imidazolium tetrachlorometallates 245 It is also possible to use more complicated metal precursors than simple salts; the iron(III) centre of the protoporphyrin complex hemin will coordinate two imidazole molecules 253 or two fluoride ions 254 upon co-grinding, and reaction of M(en)(NO 3 ) 2 (M=Pd, Pt; en=ethan-1,2-diamine) with 4,4 0bipyridine forms the tetranuclear square [M(bipy)(en)] 4 (NO 3 ) 8 (Scheme 26). 255 This last reaction illustrates the benefits that solid-state reactions can have over the equivalent solution reactions-formation of the platinum complex takes 4 weeks at 100 1C in solution, but is complete in 10 min by grinding.…”

“…[246] 2-aminopyrimidine (2-Apy) may be ground with either one or two equivalents of CuCl 2 to form the complexes CuCl 2 (2-apy) and CuCl 2 (2-apy) 2 respectively, [248] and dimethylglyoxime (H 2 dmg) will react with NiX 2 (X = Cl, NO 3 ) to form [Ni(H 2 dmg) 2 ]X 2 . [249] Grinding thiourea or a derivative with silver salts AgX (X = NO 3 , SO 4 , ClO 4 ) gave compounds with various silver:thiourea ratios depending upon the stoichiometry used, [250] and whilst grinding PtCl 2 with imidazole (Him) gave [245] It is also possible to use more complicated metal precursors than simple salts; the iron(III) centre of the protoporphyrin complex hemin will coordinate two imidazole molecules [253] or two fluoride ions [254] upon co-grinding, and reaction of M(en)(NO 3 ) 2 (M = Pd, Pt; en = ethan-1,2-diamine) with 4,4′-bipyridine forms the tetranuclear square [M(bipy)(en)] 4 (NO 3 ) 8 (Scheme 26). [255] This last reaction illustrates the benefits that solid-state reactions can have over the equivalent solution reactions -formation of the platinum complex takes 4 weeks at 100 ºC in solution, but is complete in 10 minutes by grinding.…”

An electrogenerated chemiluminescent biosensor based on a g-C3N4–hemin nanocomposite and hollow gold nanoparticles for the detection of lactate

“…38 These results were in good agreement with the report in the literature. 41 These observations indicated the formation of g-C 3 N 4 -hemin nanocomposite. For the g-C 3 N 4 -hemin nanocomposite (curve c), a noticeably peak at 24 was noticed, which agreed with hemin.…”

“…For the g-C 3 N 4 -hemin nanocomposite (curve c), a noticeably peak at 24 was noticed, which agreed with hemin. 41 These observations indicated the formation of g-C 3 N 4 -hemin nanocomposite.…”