A 0.3-V 8.72-nW OTA with Bulk-Driven Low-Impedance Compensation for Ultra-Low Power Applications

Dong, Siwan; Wang, Yu; Tong, Xingyuan; Wang, Yarong; Liu, Cong

doi:10.1007/s00034-020-01590-9

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Using these techniques, the input voltage swing of circuits can be extended due to the threshold voltage that can be reduced or removed from the signal path. Some low-voltage and low-power analog devices using non-conventional techniques are reported in literature, including the op-amp [6], [7], [8], [9], OTA [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], DDA [15], [16], [17], [18], [20], [39], [40], and second-generation current conveyor (CCII) [19], [20], [21], [22]. Low-voltage and low-power analog circuits can be applied to biosignal processing; analog filters are an example of this application [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing

2023

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This paper presents a new extremely low-voltage low-power bulk-driven (BD) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) realized for low frequency biosignal processing. The CMOS structure of the OTA utilizes bulk-driven and self-cascode techniques in the subthreshold region, supporting the operation with the supply voltage (V DD ) as the threshold voltage (V TH ) of a single MOS transistor, i.e., V DD = V TH = 0.5 V, while offering nano power consumption (31.3 nW for 15 nA nominal setting current). Using the extremely low-voltage and low-power OTA in biosignal processing enables extending the lifetime of applications that are powered by battery or energy harvesting sources. The OTA has a 54.7 dB low frequency gain, 6.18 kHz gain bandwidth and 75 • phase margin at 15 pF load capacitance. The proposed OTA has been used to realize a bandpass filter (BPF) with adjustable gain for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing. The higher cutoff frequency of the BPF is adjustable electronically by a setting current and the BPF's gain can be adjusted by capacitors value. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the BPF is −53.56 dB, the input integrated input-referred voltage noise is 17.9 µV rms , the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is 75 dB and the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is 87.7 dB. The BPF was designed in the Cadence program using 0.18 µm CMOS technology from TSMC. The simulation results agree with the presented theory.INDEX TERMS Operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), bulk-driven, band-pass filter, low-voltage, low-power CMOS. FABIAN KHATEB received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering and communication and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in business and management from the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing

2023

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“…Recent years have seen a growing interest in ultra-low-voltage operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] that are a key building block in many analog and mixed-signal applications such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) and biomedical ones [19][20][21][22]. This is a strong incentive to innovate the design flow of analog blocks: even if they often constitute just a small fraction of a mixed-signal system, their design requires a large fraction of the overall effort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Standard-Cell-Based CMFB for Fully Synthesizable OTAs

Centurelli

Sala

Scotti

2022

JLPEA

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In this paper, we propose a fully standard-cell-based common-mode feedback (CMFB) loop with an explicit voltage reference to improve the CMRR of pseudo-differential standard-cell-based amplifiers and to stabilize the dc output voltage. This latter feature allows robust biasing of operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) based on a cascade of such stages. A detailed analysis of the CMFB is reported to both provide insight into circuit behavior and to derive useful design guidelines. The proposed CMFB is then exploited to build a fully standard-cell OTA suitable for automatic place and route. Simulation results referring to the standard-cell library of a commercial 130 nm CMOS process illustrated a differential gain of 28.3 dB with a gain-bandwidth product of 15.4 MHz when driving a 1.5 pF load capacitance. The OTA exhibits good robustness under PVT and mismatch variations and achieves state-of-the-art FOMs also thanks to the limited area footprint.

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“…As an alternative approach, body-driven and gate-biased OTAs are much more suitable for such scanty supply voltages, and as a consequence, this has raised an ever-increasing interest in body-driven architectures. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Indeed, gate-bias configurations allow controlling the operating point over the whole dynamic range and are thus more robust when supply voltage or temperature variations are considered. However, body-driven techniques present some drawbacks with respect to gate-driven architectures, such as higher noise, lower bandwidth, and worse slew-rate behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At such low supply voltage, there is no voltage headroom for the tail current generator, but on the other hand, body biasing techniques, 28–30 often used in sub‐1 V OTAs, do not allow an effective control of the biasing point over the whole dynamic‐range, due to the low body transconductance gain and limited allowable voltage swing. As an alternative approach, body‐driven and gate‐biased OTAs are much more suitable for such scanty supply voltages, and as a consequence, this has raised an ever‐increasing interest in body‐driven architectures 31–46 . Indeed, gate‐bias configurations allow controlling the operating point over the whole dynamic range and are thus more robust when supply voltage or temperature variations are considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A body‐driven rail‐to‐rail 0.3 V operational transconductance amplifier exploiting current gain stages

Sala

Centurelli

Monsurrò

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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This paper presents a novel topology of ultra-low voltage (ULV) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), which exploits several design techniques to achieve high efficiency, symmetrical slew rate, good linearity, and robustness in spite of ultra-low voltage operation. Simulations in a commercial 130-nm CMOS technology with 0.3-V supply voltage show the best reported small-signal figure-of-merit among 0.3-V OTAs, with a dc gain of 56.2 dB, a unity-gain frequency of 26.2 kHz over a 150-pF load capacitor, and a power consumption of 139.5 nW. A symmetrical slew rate of about 3.2 V/ms is achieved, and results are consistent under process, supply voltage and temperature variations, and device mismatches.

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A 0.3-V 8.72-nW OTA with Bulk-Driven Low-Impedance Compensation for Ultra-Low Power Applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing

31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing

A Standard-Cell-Based CMFB for Fully Synthesizable OTAs

A body‐driven rail‐to‐rail 0.3 V operational transconductance amplifier exploiting current gain stages

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