Clonorchis sinensis
infection is still a major public health problem. It is estimated that more than 15 million people worldwide are infected, especially in Northeast China, Taiwan, South Korea, and North Vietnam. The detection of
Clonorchis sinensis
eggs in feces and bile is still the only gold standard for the diagnosis of
Clonorchis sinensis
infection, and new detection methods are needed to improve the detection rate. After
Clonorchis sinensis
invades the human body, it mainly parasitizes the hepatobiliary tract. Therefore, it is closely related to hepatobiliary diseases such as cholangitis, bile duct stones, liver fibrosis, and cholangiocarcinoma. The increase in immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) caused by
Clonorchis sinensis
infection is rare and there are few reports about the relevant mechanism. It may be related to the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and IL-13 produced by human phagocytes, T cells, B cells, and other immune cells in the process of resisting the invasion of
Clonorchis sinensis
. However, this finding still needs further clarification and confirmation. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, serology, imaging, pathogenic mechanism, and control measures of
Clonorchis sinensis
infection to help establish the diagnostic process for
Clonorchis sinensis
. We report novel mechanisms of IgG4 elevation due to
Clonorchis sinensis
infection to provide more experience and a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this infection.