A 3-dimensional seismic method to assess the provenance of Mass-Transport Deposits (MTDs) on salt-rich continental slopes (Espírito Santo Basin, SE Brazil)

Omosanya, Kamaldeen Olakunle; Alves, Tiago Marcos

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.02.006

Cited by 60 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…It is associated with the uplift of coastal mountains, reactivation of rift structures, and episodic magmatic activity including the emplacement of volcanic Abrolhos Bank to the north of the study area (Cordani 1970;Demercian et al 1993;Cobbold et al 2001;Mohriak 2005;Mohriak et al 2008). This megasequence is characterized by the deposition of recurrent MTDs (Omosanya and Alves 2013;Gamboa et al 2010), together with turbiditic channels and lobes, which were sourced from the Abrolhos Bank and inland rivers (Bruhn and Walker 1997;Davison 1999;Alves et al 2009;Gamboa and Alves 2015).…”

Section: Tectono-sedimentary Evolution Of the Espírito Santo Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative location and movement of the salt diapirs have a strong effect on the stratigraphic architecture of the study area, controlling the deposition of MTDs, turbidite lobes, submarine canyons and channels (Baudon and Cartwright 2008;Alves et al 2009;Gamboa et al 2010;Gamboa et al 2012;Gamboa and Alves 2015). For example, some of the MTDs were derived from the flanks of salt diapirs, i.e., they are detached MTDs associated with salt deformation (Omosanya and Alves 2013). Additionally, relatively high confinement imposed by the salt diapirs resulted in the development of a large confluence region in the study area, as shown by the clustering patterns of submarine channels from the Miocene to the present day (Fig.…”

Section: Salt Tectonics In the Espírito Santo Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Mass Wasting In the Progressive Development Of Submarine Channels (Espírito Santo Basin, Se Brazil)

Qin

Alves

Constantine

et al. 2017

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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ABSTRACT:A Pliocene-Quaternary submarine channel system, influenced by a localized mass wasting, is investigated in this work using high-resolution 3D seismic data from offshore Espírito Santo Basin, SE Brazil. Three abandoned channels, a channel belt and an mass-transport deposit (MTD) are recognized in the channel system within a confluence region confined by salt diapirs. In this confluence region, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the channel system can be up to 1.2 km 2 , i.e., 4 to 10 times larger than CSA in other parts of the channel system. Such significant changes in the architecture and morphology of the channel system resulted from the interaction between mass-wasting processes and turbidity flows. We postulate that a basal erosional scar was created by mass-wasting processes and was filled with an MTD. This basal scar was then used as a preferential pathway for turbidity flows, which were captured by its headwall and lateral margins. The interpreted data shows that the captured turbidity flows greatly widened the basal scar, but caused only small modifications in scar height. Part of the MTD within the basal scar was removed downslope by turbidity flows, and was replaced by channel-fill deposits. This paper shows a flow-capture process occurred in a confluence region on continental slope. Basal scars can capture turbidity flows and facilitate flow channelization, which is a key process for submarine-channel initiation. The replacement of MTD by channel-fill deposits has profound implications for reservoir volumes and net-to-gross ratios in channel systems and partly depends on the turbidity-flows properties, such as their erosive ability and frequency. The more erosive and frequent flows are captured by the basal scar, the larger is the accommodation space created for succeeding sand-prone turbidites.

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Section: Tectono-sedimentary Evolution Of the Espírito Santo Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salt Tectonics In the Espírito Santo Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Mass Wasting In the Progressive Development Of Submarine Channels (Espírito Santo Basin, Se Brazil)

Qin

Alves

Constantine

et al. 2017

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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“…The proliferation of 3D seismic data has led to complex analyses of MTDs' internal deformation and remobilisation processes in large areas of continental margins (Bull et al, 2009;Gee et al, 2006;Moscardelli and Wood, 2008;Omosanya and Alves, 2013b;Posamentier and Martinsen, 2011). Such a plethora of information resulted, in a first stage, in classifications of MTDs based on their frontal geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-modal deformation styles in confined mass-transport deposits: Examples from a salt minibasin in SE Brazil

Gamboa

Alves

2016

Marine Geology

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High-quality 3D seismic data reveal bi-modal deformation styles in mass-transport deposits filling a salt minibasin in SE Brazil (Espírito Santo Basin). We analyse three mass-transport deposits within the same Miocene stratigraphic interval, and four other in Holocene strata. Our interpretation reveals that deformation in the mass-transport deposits relates to their long-axis orientation. As a result, masstransport deposits are divided in two types: a) Type 1 have long axes parallel to the direction of movement and show significant internal deformation; b) Type 2 have long axes perpendicular to the direction of movement, are highly heterogeneous and include large undeformed slabs. The long axes of Type 2 mass-transport deposits are parallel to the strike of bounding faults and salt structures. The majority of mass-transport deposits show intense deformation at their headwalls, and relative short remobilisation distances are inferred for both Types 1 and 2. In the study area, the timing of emplacement of mass-transport deposits was controlled by the growth of adjacent salt ridges. Earlier halokinesis in the northern axial areas of the minibasin shifted southwards in a second stage. In contrast, Holocene mass-transport deposits suggest alternating growth of the eastern and western salt ridges. Our results show that detailed seismic-stratigraphic analyses are key to understand the timings 2 and magnitude of deformation of mass-transport deposits in salt minibasins. The classification proposed can be applied to MTDs on continental margins and in lacustrine settings.

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“…Mass flows can undergo transformations during translation by incorporating sediment through erosion, disaggregation of the failed mass, and entraining ambient fluid (water), and transform from slides through slumps and debris flows to become fully turbulent (e.g., Fisher, 1983;Locat and Lee, 2005;Strachan, 2008;Omosanya and Alves, 2013). Therefore, debrites have been viewed as indicators of a proximal setting and are the product of en masse deposition of cohesive flows (e.g., Talling et al, 2012).…”

Section: Why Are Bottomsets Dominated By Debrites?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology, Stratigraphic Context, and Implications of Miocene Intrashelf Bottomset Deposits, Offshore New Jersey

Browning¹,

Hodgson²,

Miller³

et al. 2017

Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs

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Drilling of intrashelf Miocene clinothems onshore and offshore New Jersey has provided better understanding of their topset and foreset deposits, but the sedimentology and stratigraphy of their bottomset deposits have not been documented in detail. Three coreholes (Sites M27-M29), collected during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 313, intersect multiple bottomset deposits, and their analysis helps to refine sequence stratigraphic interpretations and process response models for intrashelf clinothems. At Site M29, the most downdip location, chronostratigraphically well-constrained bottomset deposits follow a repeated stratigraphic motif. Coarse-grained glauconitic quartz sand packages abruptly overlie deeply burrowed surfaces. Typically, these packages coarsen then fine upwards and pass upward into bioturbated siltstones. These coarse sand beds are amalgamated and poorly sorted and contain thin-walled shells, benthic foraminifera, and extrabasinal clasts, consistent with an interpretation of debrites. The sedimentology and mounded seismic character of these packages support interpretation as debrite-dominated lobe complexes. Farther updip, at Site M28, the same chrono strati graphic units are amalgamated, with the absence of bioturbated silts pointing to more erosion in proximal locations. Graded sandstones and dune-scale cross-bedding in the younger sequences in Site M28 indicate deposition from turbidity currents and channelization. The sharp base of each package is interpreted as a sequence boundary, with a period of erosion and sediment bypass evidenced by the burrowed surface, and the coarse-grained debritic and turbiditic deposits representing the lowstand systems tract. The overlying fine-grained deposits are interpreted as the combined transgressive and highstand systems tract deposits and contain the deepwater equivalent of the maximum flooding surface. The variety in thickness and grain-size trends in the coarse-grained bottomset packages point to an autogenic control, through compensational stacking of lobes and lobe complexes. However, the large-scale stratigraphic organization of the bottomset deposits and the coarse-grained immature extrabasinal and reworked glauconitic detritus point to external controls, likely a combination of relative sea-level fall and waxing-and-waning cycles of sediment supply. This study demonstrates that large amounts of sediment gravity-flow deposits can be generated in relatively shallow (~100-200 m deep) and low-gradient (~1°-4°) clinothems that prograded across a deep continental shelf. This physiography likely led to the dominance of debris flow deposits due to the short transport distance limiting transformation to low-concentration turbidity currents.

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A 3-dimensional seismic method to assess the provenance of Mass-Transport Deposits (MTDs) on salt-rich continental slopes (Espírito Santo Basin, SE Brazil)

Cited by 60 publications

References 62 publications

The Role of Mass Wasting In the Progressive Development Of Submarine Channels (Espírito Santo Basin, Se Brazil)

The Role of Mass Wasting In the Progressive Development Of Submarine Channels (Espírito Santo Basin, Se Brazil)

Bi-modal deformation styles in confined mass-transport deposits: Examples from a salt minibasin in SE Brazil

Sedimentology, Stratigraphic Context, and Implications of Miocene Intrashelf Bottomset Deposits, Offshore New Jersey

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