A 3D petrographic analysis for concrete freeze-thaw protection

Deep learning-based automated image segmentation for concrete petrographic analysis

“…Under a higher magnification as shown in Fig. 1c, some fine aggregates are colored to pink, which is related to the semi-transparent nature of sand grains (primarily quartz) [30,31]. Based on our observation, the color dye may infiltrate into the substrate through the interfacial transitional zone (ITZ) around sands, leaving the pinkish visual effect.…”

“…Subsequent advancements differentiated the paste and aggregate using phenolphthalein dye [2,3,28]. In either case, the scan of the sample surface can be segmented based on the created color contrast, making an automatic C457 measurement possible [3] or other advanced analysis [29,30] possible using simple program script.…”

Influence of Pumping/Extrusion on the Air-Void System of 3D Printed Concrete

“…Thus, the 2D PPV analysis underestimates the protected range and in order to accurately estimate the degree of protection, the 3D distribution of both in and out-section voids must be determined [20]. This can be done by a stereological model recently developed by Song et al [20]. The results obtained by this model have been found to align well with those obtained by other authors using techniques such as numerical simulation and computed tomography.…”

“…Also, certain sections of the inspected concrete surface may be protected by an un-intersected air void (referred to as out-section void). Thus, the 2D PPV analysis underestimates the protected range and in order to accurately estimate the degree of protection, the 3D distribution of both in and out-section voids must be determined [20]. This can be done by a stereological model recently developed by Song et al [20].…”

“…Fig. 1 illustrates the difference between the 2D PPV analysis and the actual protected zone [20]. In the figure, the in-section voids are shown in blue, the out-section voids in orange and the protected paste in green.…”