A 5‐year survey (2007–2011) of enteric viruses in Korean aquatic environments and the use of coliforms as viral indicators

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Surface water quality in the Sinos River basin, in Southern Brazil: tracking microbiological contamination and correlation with physicochemical parameters

“…4, Jurzik et al 2010). However, regression analyses revealed no significant correlations between concentrations of TC and FC in relation to concentrations of AdVs, similarly to what has happened in other studies (Choi and Jiang 2005;Jurzik et al 2010;Lee et al 2013). Therefore, there was no significant quantitative correlation which concludes that TC and FC, although considered to be indicator microorganisms, are not suitable to indicate the presence of viruses in environmental samples, since the absence of TC and FC does not ensure the absence of enteric viruses (Tavares et al 2005;Jurzik et al 2010), in view of its high strength and resistance to inactivating environmental factors.…”

“…Yates et al (1985) have found that the survival of viruses in soil and water did not correlate with pH, concentration of nitrates, turbidity, or hardness in samples obtained from various sources in the US; temperature was the only variable that was found to be related to MS2 phage survival. Lee et al (2013) have demonstrated that the presence of enteric viruses, TC and FC, was not correlated with temperature and turbidity; TC and FC were also not related to the presence of EVs in a study conducted with surface water in South Korea over a period of 4 years. Miagostovich et al (2014) assessed the presence of viruses with temperature, conductivity, DO, turbidity, and pH and found only a correlation between viruses and turbidity and between with two areas of environmental preservation in Brazil.…”

“…Therefore, there was no significant quantitative correlation which concludes that TC and FC, although considered to be indicator microorganisms, are not suitable to indicate the presence of viruses in environmental samples, since the absence of TC and FC does not ensure the absence of enteric viruses (Tavares et al 2005;Jurzik et al 2010), in view of its high strength and resistance to inactivating environmental factors. Several studies (Mucillo et al 2008;Miagostovich et al 2008;Lee et al 2013) point out that the AdVs can be considered a reliable indicator of fecal pollution for environmental monitoring. Although other viruses, such as JC polyomavirus (JCPyV), coliphage, and bacteriophages, have been proposed as potential viral contamination indicators in different environmental matrices (Albinana-Gimenez et al 2009;Fumian et al 2010), the AdVs have advantages over other markers, since they are stable, easily detected in the environment, and can be isolated in several cell culture for assessing viral viability AlbinanaGimenez et al 2009;Schlindwein et al 2010 …”

Occurrence of enteric viruses in reclaimed and surface irrigation water: relationship with microbiological and physicochemical indicators

“…In contrast, Lee et al . () and Hörman et al . () found no correlation between turbidity and the presence of enteric viruses in aquatic environments.…”

Human and bovine viruses in the Milwaukee River watershed: Hydrologically relevant representation and relations with environmental variables

“…Forty nine percent of samples were human virus-positive. In comparison, reviewing more than two dozen published studies on human viruses in rivers, the occurrence rate typically reported for virus-positive samples was 30% to 80% (Kishida et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2013) and some studies report 100% of their river samples were virus positive. Samples from urban rivers in Barcelona, Spain and Rio Janeiro, Brazil (Calgua et al, 2013), the Ruhr and Rhine rivers in Germany (Hamza et al, 2009), and the Mille-Iles river in Quebec, Canada (Payment et al, 1988), were all positive for at least one type of human enteric virus; every sample of eight from the Maas and Waal rivers in the Netherlands contained four viruses: enterovirus, norovirus, reovirus, and rotavirus (Lodder and de Roda Husman, 2005).…”