A behavioural and neuropathological study of the sequelae of profound hypoxia

Nicholson, Anthony N.; Freeland, Susan A.; Brierley, J. B.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(70)90475-0

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Parallel studies included the preparation of materials for ultrastructure [11,12]. Some of this pioneering work was undertaken with the Royal Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine, Farnborough to determine the window size of the supersonic jet Concorde in the event of the aircraft becoming decompressed [13,14]. The Institute had been asked to advise on the optimal choice of window size – 4, 6 or 8 inches in diameter.…”

Section: James Brunskill Brierley (1916–2004)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obituary

Graham¹,

Brown²,

Cavanagh³

et al. 2005

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: James Brunskill Brierley (1916–2004)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obituary

Graham¹,

Brown²,

Cavanagh³

et al. 2005

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The behavioural effects of brain damage of a limited nature have also been explored (Nicholson et al 1970, Blagbrough et al 1973. Visual discrimination and tests of spatial and object alternation are not impaired for the days immediately after decompression but within a few days behavioural disturbances are apparent.…”

Section: Fig 1 Decompression Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much more needs to be known about the function of the nervous system under such stressful conditions. Recent studies related to this problem have used a Boeing 707 of the British Overseas Airways Corporation (Nicholson et al 1970). In each flight the individual factors which influenced overall workload were assessed by the pilot (i.e.…”

Section: Fig 1 Decompression Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Aspects of Aviation Medicine

Brierley

Nicholson

1973

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In a previous study (Nicholson, Freeland & Brierley, 1970) the behavioural correlates of brain damage, produced by exposure to profound hypoxia, were studied. Rhesus monkeys, trained on tasks of visual discrimination, were decompressed to an environmental pressure of 160 mm Hg (calculated Plo0 = 24 mm Hg) and their performance on object and pattern discrimination retested daily.…”

Section: Irelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 13–14 April 1973, University of Southampton Meeting: Communications

1973

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

3TUAll current techniques for the estimation of renin in plasma are indirect methods relying on measurement of angiotensin produced during incubation with renin substrate. These methods assess the enzymic activity of renin rather than the actual rate of renin secretion by the kidney because of the possible involvement of renin inhibitors or activators. We have recently developed a new renin assay based on the rocket immunoelectrophoresis technique of Laurell (1966). This measures renin concentration directly, and has been used in dogs to investigate the relationship between the amount of renin in plasma and its enzymic activity before and after partial occlusion of one renal artery. The contralateral artery was ligated.Ten mongrel dogs were used. After completion of the preparative procedures a 2 hr period was allowed for equilibration. At intervals during the succeeding two hours three plasma samples were collected from the renal vein for estimation of renin activity using ovine substrate (Skinner, 1967) and renin concentration using the new assay procedure. Renal blood flow was monitored with an electromagnetic flowmeter. In six of the dogs a constriction which reduced flow to 30-40 % of normal was then applied to the renal artery. Three further samples were collected during the ensuing 2 hr period. A similar protocol with no renal artery constriction was used in the four control dogs. A theoretical renin activity based on the renin concentration assays was calculated using the renin activity of the standard renin. The ratio, theoretical to actual activity, served as an assessment of the efficiency of angiotensin II production in the plasma.The pooled data from all the dogs show an increase in mean plasma renin activity from 8-05 renin units (s.x. 0.97) to 46-2 renin units (s.x. 9.0) 70 P PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY, APRIL 1973 following renal artery constriction (P < 0.001). The corresponding renin concentration estimations were 0-27 units (S.E. 0 03) and 0-35 units (s.E. 0.03), and the difference was not significant. An alternative way of expressing these results is that the ratio of theoretical to actual renin activity fell from 91: 1 before to 22: 1 after renal artery occlusion. In the control animals over the same time course there were no significant changes in either renin activity or concentration.These data indicate that the well documented increase in plasma renin activity following partial renal artery occlusion is not due to increased renin secretion from the kidney but rather to change in its enzymic activity. A conceivable explanation could be based on changes in the availability of renin inhibitor (Smeby, Sen & Bumpus, 1967) but we have no direct evidence to support this against other possibilities. In the light of these observations the theories covering control of renin release should be regarded as relating to the control of plasma renin activity, and many of these situations need reinvestigation with this direct renin assay method. The mechanism by which angiotensin causes retention of sodium in...

show abstract

A behavioural and neuropathological study of the sequelae of profound hypoxia

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Obituary

Obituary

Neurological Aspects of Aviation Medicine

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 13–14 April 1973, University of Southampton Meeting: Communications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About