A series of D-π-A, D-π-D, and A-π-A
based push–pull
compounds with triarylamine and benzophenone were designed and synthesized
for nonvolatile memory applications. All of the compounds showed good
solubility in common organic solvents, which permits solution processability.
D-π-A based compounds exhibited write-once-read-many (WORM)
memory applications, and the compound with a methoxyphenyl substituent
exhibited switching with a low threshold voltage of −0.82 V,
an ON/OFF current ratio of 102, and a long-lasting retention
time of 103 s. The effect of differently functionalized
triarylamines on memory behavior was explored by optical, electrochemical,
and computational studies. The highest HOMO levels of around ∼5.0
eV and irreversible anodic peaks (0.7–1.3 V) obtained for the
compounds facilitate charge injection and switching behavior. Besides,
electrochemical and density functional theory studies disclose the
charge-transfer mechanism of the D-π-A systems, which is related
to the bistability of the devices.