A Biosensor Array Based on Polyaniline

Abstract

This paper describes the fabrication of polyaniline-based microsensors and microsensor arrays for the estimation of glucose, urea, and triglycerides. Microelectronics technology has been used to produce gold interdigitated microelectrodes on oxidized silicon wafers. Polymer deposition and enzyme immobilization has been done electrochemically. Electrochemical potential control has been used to direct enzyme immobilization to the chosen microelectrodes and prevent it at other microelectrodes in contact with the enzyme solution. This has enabled the immobilization of three different enzymes on three closely spaced microelectrodes, resulting in a sensor array which can analyze a sample containing a mixture of glucose, urea, and triolein in a single measurement using a few microliters of the sample. This strategy is quite general and can be extended to other enzyme-substrate systems to eventually produce an "electronic tongue".

An Enzyme-Chemically Modified Carbon Paste Electrode as a Glucose Sensor Based on Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in a Polyaniline Film

“…15,16 The glucose sensor is affected by: (i) polyaniline conductivity, (ii) GOD activity in the polymeric film, and (iii) oxygen permeability through the polymeric film. These properties are influenced by many experimental factors, such as pH values of the polymerization solution, the measuring medium, enzyme loading and film thickness.…”

Development of label-free impedimetric platform based on new conductive polyaniline polymer and three-dimensional interdigitated electrode array for biosensor applications

“…These polymers were found to change their electronic conductivity in response to changes in pH or redox-potential of the solution in contact with the polymer [43,44] suggested to be applied as chemical or redox-sensors [45]. Biosensors with conducting polymers are most commonly used in amperometric detection [3], though conductimetric sensors with different enzymes have also been reported [46][47][48]. Recently new N-substituted aniline derivatives with interesting features were reported in the literature [36,49].…”

Self-Reporting Micellar Polymer Nanostructures for Optical Urea Biosensing

“…Urea, along with creatinine and uric acid, are essential indexes in diagnosing liver and kidney disorders. [19][20][21] The normal urea level in blood is 2.5 to 7.5 mM.…”