A booster dose of Delta × Omicron hybrid mRNA vaccine produced broadly neutralizing antibody against Omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants

Lee, I-Jung; Sun, Cheng‐Pu; Wu, Ping-Yi; Lan, Yu-Hua; Wang, I-Hsuan; Liu, Wen-Chun; Yuan, Joyce Pei-Yi; Chang, Yu-Wei; Tseng, Sheng-Che; Tsung, Szu-I; Chou, Yu‐Chi; Kumari, Monika; Lin, Yin-Shiou; Chen, Huifeng; Chen, Tsung-Yen; Lin, Chung-Cherng; Chiu, Chi-Wen; Hsieh, Chung-Hsuan; Chuang, Cheng-Ying; Cheng, Chao‐Min; Lin, Hsiu-Ting; Chen, Wan‐Yu; Hsu, Fu-Fei; Hong, Ming-Hsiang; Liao, Chun-Che; Chang, Chih-Hung; Liang, Jian-Jong; Ma, Hsiu-Hua; Chiang, Ming‐Tsai; Liao, Hsin-Ni; Ko, Hui-Ying; Chen, Liang‐Yu; Ko, Yi-An; Yu, Pei-Yu; Yang, Tzu-Jing; Chiang, Po-Cheng; Hsu, Shang‐Te Danny; Lin, Yi-Ling; Lee, Chong-Chou; Wu, Han‐Chung; Tao, Mi‐Hua

doi:10.1186/s12929-022-00830-1

Cited by 46 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Lee et al [ 13 ] discussed that only vaccine schedules with at least one mRNA vaccine and a booster dose would trigger a sufficient neutralization response against Omicron.…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Omicron targets upper airways in pediatrics, elderly and unvaccinated population

Nori¹,

Zghair²

2022

World J Clin Cases

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Omicron, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 variant, has spread around the globe, causing dramatic increases in infection rates. Viral mutant antigens were responsible for the strong infectivity, fast replication, and high reinfection rates reported from all ages. Omicron causes clinical symptoms mostly related to the upper respiratory tract with minimal symptoms from the lower respiratory tract besides an urgent presentation of cases that resembled a fatal illness, epiglottitis. Not to mention the long coronavirus disease 2019, which rises exponentially in the Omicrons era. Apparently, the disease has a less aggressive course than earlier variants with lower death rates; however, the infection is not trivial. Severe infection was raised among pediatrics, unvaccinated, and the elderly. Complete vaccine protection is urgently needed to protect the most vulnerable community members. Additionally, self-protective strategies such as wearing a mask and safe social distancing cannot be omitted.

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“…Lee et al [ 13 ] discussed that only vaccine schedules with at least one mRNA vaccine and a booster dose would trigger a sufficient neutralization response against Omicron.…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Omicron targets upper airways in pediatrics, elderly and unvaccinated population

Nori¹,

Zghair²

2022

World J Clin Cases

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“…A recent study showed that the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-LNP vaccine boost in naïve individuals elicited an increased plasma neutralizing antibody response but a variable antibody response breadth compared to the convalescent individuals 72 . Since the inclusion of the Omicron variant provided minimal gains in protective efficacy against new SARS-CoV-2 strains, their impact on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains unknown [73][74][75][76] . While the B cell response breadth against HCMV gB did not benefit from multivalent vaccines in these studies, a higher magnitude T cell response was elicited against monovalent vaccine-mismatched gB genotype, implying that the multivalent HCMV glycoprotein immunization should be considered as a strategy for those vaccines that seek to enhance T cell response breadth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivalent Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Demonstrate a Greater Breadth in T cell but not Antibody Responses

Permar

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains the most common congenital infection and infectious complication in immunocompromised patients. The most successful HCMV vaccine to-date, an HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) subunit vaccine adjuvanted with MF59, achieved 50% efficacy against primary HCMV infection. A previous study demonstrated that gB/MF59 vaccinees were less frequently infected with HCMV gB genotype strains most similar to the vaccine strain than strains encoding genetically distinct gB genotypes, suggesting strain-specific immunity accounted for the limited efficacy. To determine whether vaccination with multiple HCMV gB genotypes could increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB humoral and cellular responses, we immunized 18 female rabbits with monovalent (gB-1), bivalent (gB-1+gB-3), or pentavalent (gB-1+gB-2+gB-3+gB-4+gB-5) gB lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleoside-modified RNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines. The multivalent vaccine groups did not demonstrate higher magnitude or breadth of the IgG response to the gB ectodomain or cell-associated gB compared to that of monovalent vaccine. Also, the multivalent vaccines did not show an increase in the breadth of neutralization activity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis against HCMV strains encoding distinct gB genotypes. Yet, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived T cell responses elicited by multivalent vaccines were of a higher magnitude compared to that of monovalent vaccinated animals against a vaccine-mismatched gB genotype at peak immunogenicity. Our data suggests that inclusion of multivalent gB antigens is beneficial to increase the magnitude of T cell response but not an effective strategy to increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB antibody responses. Further studies are required to validate whether the multivalent gB mRNA vaccines could effectively increase the T cell response breadth.

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“…Additionally, the timing of boosting should be optimized, as preexisting immunity may compromise the effect of the booster dose [ 130 , 242 ]. Notably, animal studies also found Omicron-specific vaccines induced potent antibodies and immunity against Omicron but not the ancestral strain in vaccine-naive mice and Syrian hamsters [ 241 – 243 ]. A serological study of vaccine-naive individuals infected with Omicron also showed that their sera contain nAbs against Omicron but not the other variants [ 244 ].…”

Section: Next-generation Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most severe public health challenge in this century. Two years after its emergence, the rapid development and deployment of effective COVID-19 vaccines have successfully controlled this pandemic and greatly reduced the risk of severe illness and death associated with COVID-19. However, due to its ability to rapidly evolve, the SARS-CoV-2 virus may never be eradicated, and there are many important new topics to work on if we need to live with this virus for a long time. To this end, we hope to provide essential knowledge for researchers who work on the improvement of future COVID-19 vaccines. In this review, we provided an up-to-date summary for current COVID-19 vaccines, discussed the biological basis and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants and subvariants, and analyzed the effectiveness of various vaccine booster regimens against different SARS-CoV-2 strains. Additionally, we reviewed potential mechanisms of vaccine-induced severe adverse events, summarized current studies regarding immune correlates of protection, and finally, discussed the development of next-generation vaccines.

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A booster dose of Delta × Omicron hybrid mRNA vaccine produced broadly neutralizing antibody against Omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Omicron targets upper airways in pediatrics, elderly and unvaccinated population

Omicron targets upper airways in pediatrics, elderly and unvaccinated population

Multivalent Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Demonstrate a Greater Breadth in T cell but not Antibody Responses

COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection

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