The inefficient targeting and phagocytic
clearance of nanodrug
delivery systems are two major obstacles in cancer therapy. Here,
inspired by the special properties of zwitterionic polymers and folic
acid (FA), a partly biodegradable copolymer of FA-modified poly(ε-caprolactone)
block poly(2-methacryloxoethyl phosphorylcholine), PCL-b-PMPC-FA, was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization
(ATRP) and click reaction. Non-FA-modified copolymer PCL-b-PMPC was also synthesized as a control. The hydrodynamic diameter
of the PCL-b-PMPC-FA micelles is 158 nm (PDI 0.261),
slightly larger than that of the PCL-b-PMPC micelles
(139 nm, PDI 0.242). The drug doxorubicin (DOX) could be entrapped
in the micelles, and as the pH decreased from 7.4 to 5.0, DOX release
(in vitro) was accelerated. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay indicated that both the PCL-b-PMPC and the PCL-b-PMPC-FA micelles showed low
toxicity to L929, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells. In addition, the DOX-loaded
micelles, PCL-b-PMPC/DOX and PCL-b-PMPC-FA/DOX micelles, exhibited low toxicity to L929 cells but high
toxicity to HeLa and MCF-7 cells, especially the PCL-b-PMPC-FA/DOX micelles. HeLa and MCF-7 cell uptakes of the PCL-b-PMPC-FA/DOX micelles were 4.8 and 4.5 times higher than
that of the PCL-b-PMPC/DOX micelles, respectively.
Therefore, PCL-b-PMPC-FA micelles have great potential
for developing drug delivery systems with extended circulation times
and tumor-targeting properties.