A broad review on desulfation of lead-acid battery for electric hybrid vehicle

Singh, Anupama; Karandikar, P. B.

doi:10.1007/s00542-016-3030-0

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Apart from the use of additives that act on the negative electrodes to desulfate lead-acid batteries, it has been reported that the use of specially designed chargers can also help to desulfate batteries that deteriorate due to sulfation. Some of the charger operation techniques reported [3], [15] for this purpose include pulse width modulation, pressure feedback, and resonant frequency or highfrequency pulse desulfation techniques.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical investigation of lead-acid battery desulfation using a high-frequency pulse desulfator

et al. 2021

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The major cause of deterioration in lead-acid batteries is sulfation. There are patents on the use of high-frequency pulse desulfators to desulfate lead-acid batteries. Also, many products available in the market worldwide claim to use this technique to effectively desulfate lead-acid batteries that deteriorate due to sulfation. But there are little or no systematic studies to evaluate the performance of these products to know whether they do what their manufacturers claim. This research, therefore, aims at empirically evaluating one of such products. Four fully charged 100 Ampere-hour Valve Regulated Lead-Acid Gel batteries were discharged with an electronic-load battery discharger to ascertain their capacities. Thereafter, a high-frequency pulse desulfator was connected to desulfate the battery bank consisting of the four batteries. The battery bank was connected to be charged at the same time by a photovoltaic system. The desulfation experiment lasted for ten weeks but the batteries were tested to know their capacities after two, six, and ten weeks. The results show that the desulfation device works in desulfating lead-acid batteries as there are different degrees of improvement on the capacity of all the batteries. The percentage improvement in the capacity of the batteries is 89.5%, 75.9%, 1.6% and 1.4%, for batteries 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.

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Section: Photovoltaic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical investigation of lead-acid battery desulfation using a high-frequency pulse desulfator

et al. 2021

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“…Peralihan antar CV tersebut dilakukan dengan syarat tertentu, misalnya jika CV yang Efisiensi Arus-Pengisian (%) [6]. Terdapat banyak metode sulfasi, hasil komparasinya seperti pada [7] mengarah pada kesimpulan bahwa metode sulfasi selanjutnya sebaiknya memanfaatkan AI (Artificial Intelligent).…”

Section: Pengisian Dengan Arus Konstan (Constant Current Charging)unclassified

Analisis dan Pengukuran Rangkaian Pengisi Baterai pada Beberapa Produk Lampu Baca

Setiaji

2019

tech

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Produk lampu baca yang dilengkapi dengan baterai yang bisa diisi ulang dapat membantu penggunanya untuk membaca pada saat listrik padam. Terdapat banyak jenis produk lampu baca yang beredar, termasuk di antaranya yang belum memiliki tanda SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia), seperti empat jenis produk yang diteliti pada makalah ini. Penelitian difokuskan pada bagian pengisi baterai (charger) yang merupakan bagian utama produk tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pengisian yang digunakan adalah float charging, karena baterai terus diisi dalam kondisi penuh. Namun arus pengisian yang digunakan terlalu besar masih dan memiliki riak (ripple) yang signifikan. Padahal kedua faktor tersebut akan memperpendek umur baterai, seperti yang dialami empat dari 12 baterai yang diteliti. Baterai rusak tersebut tidak bisa diisi lagi, atau bersifat hubung buka, setelah digunakan selama tiga bulan. Kerusakan baterai ternyata membuat komponen lain pada charger menjadi rusak yaitu kapasitor perata arus, akibat mendapatkan tegangan berlebih dan indikator pengisian baterai, karena mendapat arus berlebih.

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“…5 Pyrometallurgy is presently the predominant route worldwide for recycling LAB, 10 in which high-temperature treatment of spent LABs in a blast, electric, reverberatory, or rotary furnace without pre-desulfurization is employed. 11,12 In the hydrometallurgical process, 13,14 a pre-desulfurization step 15 is necessary. Na 2 CO 3 , NaOH, and K 2 CO 3 solutions or citric acid and citrate salts are usually adopted as desulfurization reagents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spent Lead-Acid Battery Recycling via Reductive Sulfur-Fixing Smelting and Its Reaction Mechanism in the PbSO4-Fe3O4-Na2CO3-C System

Yang

Taskinen

et al. 2019

JOM

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An innovative and environmentally friendly lead-acid battery paste recycling method is proposed. The reductive sulfur-fixing recycling technique was used to simultaneously extract lead and immobilize sulfur. SO 2 emissions and pollution were significantly eliminated. In this work, the detailed lead extraction and sulfur-fixing mechanisms in the PbSO 4-Fe 3 O 4-Na 2 CO 3-C system were investigated thermodynamically and experimentally, and the phase transformation and microstructural evolution processes characterized. In addition, a series of bench-scale pilot experiments were carried out to confirm the feasibility of the technique. The results show that the lead extraction and sulfur-fixing reactions followed the shrinking unreacted-core model. The recycling products were separated into three distinct layers: slag, matte, and crude lead bullion. Primary recoveries of 96.2% for lead and 98.9% for sulfur were obtained. The purity of the crude lead bullion was 98.6 wt.%. Sulfur was fixed in the solidified matte as FeS and NaFeS 2 .

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A broad review on desulfation of lead-acid battery for electric hybrid vehicle

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

An empirical investigation of lead-acid battery desulfation using a high-frequency pulse desulfator

An empirical investigation of lead-acid battery desulfation using a high-frequency pulse desulfator

Analisis dan Pengukuran Rangkaian Pengisi Baterai pada Beberapa Produk Lampu Baca

Spent Lead-Acid Battery Recycling via Reductive Sulfur-Fixing Smelting and Its Reaction Mechanism in the PbSO4-Fe3O4-Na2CO3-C System

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