A carbon emission costing method based on carbon value flow analysis

To achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the low-carbon transformation (LCT) of high-carbon firms is inevitable. We construct game models of a supply chain with different dominant types under a mixed carbon policy that embraces carbon cap-and-trade and carbon tax. Solving each dominant model, we derive the effective area and optimal threshold of the mixed carbon policy to guide LCT. We find that the selling price, market demand, and profit of the supply chain system are equal in different dominant models due to the mixed carbon policy, but when a company dominates the supply chain, its profit is higher than when it is a subordinate. In addition, the high-carbon manufacturers (HCM) will pursue LCT only when the sum of the carbon tax rates and carbon trading prices is within a certain threshold, and the subordinate HCM are more likely to be driven to pursue LCT. Therefore, the government should adopt a differentiated hybrid carbon policy, setting a high (low) carbon tax rate for the HCM in a dominant (subordinate) position.

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By empirical research, Li [ 58 ] discovered that 30 per cent of power firms in China have high LCT efficiency. Zhang et al [ 52 ] proposed a carbon value flow analysis-based carbon emissions cost calculation method. They provided an effective tool for high-carbon firms to carry out LCT.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Carbon Transition Models of High Carbon Supply Chains under the Mixed Carbon Cap-and-Trade and Carbon Tax Policy in the Carbon Neutrality Era

Shen

Lin

Cheng

2022

“…At present, due to the limitations of many immature technologies, most countries choose to levy a carbon tax as a macro carbon management method. In order to verify that imposing a carbon cost can effectively reduce carbon emissions, Zhang Caiping et al [ 34 ] used the carbon emission cost calculation method to conduct an empirical analysis in a case company, and the optimization results showed that carbon emissions were reduced by 405,021.97 tons. However, this management method is based on the measured carbon emissions.…”

Section: Network Freight Platform and Its Carbon Emission Measurement...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Order Allocation Problem and the Algorithm of Network Freight Platform under the Constraint of Carbon Tax Policy

Jiang

Li³

et al. 2022

In order to solve the problems of improper order allocation and the lack of a carbon emission constraint system in the road freight transportation industry, this paper proposed an order allocation mechanism of network freight transportation with carbon tax constraints and established an order allocation optimization model with carbon tax constraints. Based on the basic characteristics of the problem, this paper redesigns the ant colony labor division expansion model, and designs a corresponding algorithm to solve the problem. By improving the update rules of the stimulus value and the threshold value, the matching difference between the order and the driver of the network freight platform is enlarged, and the matching relation-ship is dynamically adjusted, the order allocation scheme is optimized, and a more appropriate carbon tax rate range in this industry is explored. Furthermore, the problem is solved by a 0-1 integer programming algorithm, which is compared with the algorithm designed in this paper. Through multiple numerical simulation experiments, the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm are verified. The experimental results show that the order allocation arrangement of the online freight platform with carbon tax constraints is more economical and environmentally friendly.

“…Carbon footprint analysis is the basis for the planning and construction of IESs and low-carbon operation. Setting both objective calculation and carbon emission constraint in the optimization model requires calculating the carbon footprints of the system [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The relevant literature is summarized in Table 1 and reviewed below.…”

Section: Literature Review On Carbon Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment-Based Carbon Footprint Accounting Model and Analysis for Integrated Energy Stations in China

Sun

Pan

Jin

et al. 2022

To achieve its carbon neutrality goal, China has invested broadly in energy infrastructure and the emerging integrated energy stations (IESs) projects will bring enormous opportunities. Accurate carbon emission accounting for IESs is challenging in view of the complexity of the manufacturing process and uncertainty in construction and operation processes. To overcome these challenges, this paper develops a novel quantitative carbon footprint analysis model for IESs from a lifecycle perspective, with production and materialization, construction, operation and maintenance, and disposal and recycling phases considered. The method is applied on a 110 kV wind power IES project in China, to analyze and calculate lifecycle carbon emissions, identify the key influence factors of carbon footprints and provide suggestions for carbon reduction. The findings can identify key influence factors and provide suggestions for carbon reduction for the development of IES projects.