A case-crossover study of work-related acute traumatic hand injuries in the People’s Republic of China

Transient risk factors of acute occupational injuries: a case-crossover study in two Danish emergency departments

“…Most previous studies have focused on specific injuries, eg, hand or eye injuries (14,18,20,21) or specific industries, such as pork processing and commercial fishing (18,22). However, there is a need to compare the influence of transient risk factors across different kinds of occupational injuries and injury severity (23).…”

“…Another advantage of case-crossover compared to case-control studies is that transient risk factors that occur in close sequence to exposure can be examined (17). The design has previously been used to study the influence of different transient risk factors on occupational injuries, for instance, malfunctioning equipment, unusual work methods, performing an unusual task, and being tired, ill, distracted or rushed (18)(19)(20).…”

“…On the basis of previous case-crossover studies and existing occupational injury theory, seven potential transient risk factors were measured: four worker-related (time pressure, disagreement with someone, feeling sick, and being distracted by someone), two work-practicerelated (non-routine task and altered surroundings), and one equipment-related (working with broken machinery or materials) (18,(20)(21)(22)(23)(27)(28)(29). For each factor, the injured person exposure at the time of the injury and during the previous work day.…”

The effects of rest breaks, work shift start time, and sleep on the onset of severe injury among workers in the People’s Republic of China

“…The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the duration and timing of rest breaks on onset time of a traumatic injury within a shift among a relatively large sample of workers in various industries, hospitalized with a severe work-related hand injury in the PRC (5,6). The primary research questions pursued in this study were: (i) are work rest breaks associated with a significant delay in the onset time of a work-related injury and is this modified by the circadian timing of the start of the shift?…”

Advances in occupational traumatic injury research

“…Occupational injury epidemiology studies using the case-crossover design have generally used two approaches to control-period selection, one is the matched-pair interval approach and the other the usual frequency approach (9,10,15). Although matched or unmatched control recruitment is not an issue in this design, a new challenge is the selection of an appropriate matched control period (or if using the usual-frequency approach, estimating, for each exposure, the person time exposed to each factor and person-time at risk).…”