A Case of a Japanese Black Cow Developing Trypanosomosis Together with Enzootic Bovine Leukosis

Molecular detection of Megatrypanum trypanosomes in tabanid flies

“…Although Megatrypanum infections in animals are typically subclinical, they are nevertheless occasionally reported; these diseases or deaths tend to be associated with stressed cattle or with the presence of concomitant infections such as bovine leukaemia virus (Matsumoto et al ., ). Trypanosoma theileri can result in anaemia, weight loss, leucocytosis, neonate death and a considerable drop in cow milking capacity (Matsumoto et al ., ). A number of neurological manifestations associated with Trypanosoma wrublewskii infection, including depressive neurological signs, apathy and oedema, have been observed in European bison from the Białowieża Primeval Forest (Kingston et al ., ).…”

Molecular detection of Trypanosoma spp. in Lipoptena cervi and Lipoptena fortisetosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) and their potential role in the transmission of pathogens

“…The species of Megatrypanum trypanosomes described in Poland are presented in Table 1. Although Megatrypanum infections in animals are typically subclinical, some clinical cases are reported; such disease or deaths tend to be associated with stressed cattle or with the presence of concomitant infections such as bovine leucaemia virus (Matsumoto et al ., 2011). Trypanosoma theileri can result in leucocytosis, neonatal death, anaemia, weight loss and a considerable drop in milking capacity (Matsumoto et al ., 2011).…”

“…Although Megatrypanum infections in animals are typically subclinical, some clinical cases are reported; such disease or deaths tend to be associated with stressed cattle or with the presence of concomitant infections such as bovine leucaemia virus (Matsumoto et al ., 2011). Trypanosoma theileri can result in leucocytosis, neonatal death, anaemia, weight loss and a considerable drop in milking capacity (Matsumoto et al ., 2011). Several neurological manifestations associated with T. wrublewskii infection, including depressive neurological signs, apathy and oedema have been observed in European bison from the Białowieża Primeval Forest (Wrublewski, 1912; Kingston et al ., 1992).…”

Analysis of <i>Trypanosoma</i> sequences from <i>Haemaphysalis flava</i> (Acari: Ixodidae) and <i>Tabanus rufidens</i> (Diptera: Tabanidae) collected in Ishikawa, Japan

“…While several trypanosomatids have been found from mammals and birds in Japan, their invertebrate hosts have not yet been elucidated (Table 1). In Japan, several cases of T. theileri (Laveran) infection have been reported in cattle (Sasaki, 1958;Iwata et al, 1959;Ishida et al, 2002;Matsumoto et al, 2011). Although T. theileri in general shows non-pathogenicity in cattle, the potential for exacerbating pathogenicity by concomitant infection with piroplasma or bovine leukemia virus has been observed (Iwata et al, 1959;Matsumoto et al, 2011).…”

“…In Japan, several cases of T. theileri (Laveran) infection have been reported in cattle (Sasaki, 1958;Iwata et al, 1959;Ishida et al, 2002;Matsumoto et al, 2011). Although T. theileri in general shows non-pathogenicity in cattle, the potential for exacerbating pathogenicity by concomitant infection with piroplasma or bovine leukemia virus has been observed (Iwata et al, 1959;Matsumoto et al, 2011). e prevalence of T. theileri in cattle is not well understood due to its nonpathogenicity in cattle occurring in a single infection.…”