A case of actinomycosis causing unilateral tonsillar hypertrophy

Takasaki, Kenji; Kitaoka, Kyoko; Kaieda, Satoru; Hayashi, Tomayoshi; Abe, Kuniko; Takahashi, Haruo

doi:10.1080/00016480600590604

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, no immune mediated mechanism has been shown yet. Takasaki et al [13] demonstrated in their unilateral obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy case report that Actinomyces lead to lymphoid hypertrophy in tonsils. They claimed that Actinomyces may be one of the possible reasons for unilateral hypertrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of the actinomyces in obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis in pediatric population

Kutluhan

Şalvız

Yalçıner

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of the actinomyces in obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis in pediatric population

Kutluhan

Şalvız

Yalçıner

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…It has been suggested that this infection may indicate an etiological role in tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy (4,5,6,7,10). To our knowledge, only five cases of unilateral tonsillar hypertrophy caused by Anktinomyces infection have been reported until now (4,5,6,7,10). Three of them were masquerading as a tumor (5,6,7), and two were pendulous mass attached to the tonsil (4, 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To our knowledge, only five cases of unilateral tonsillar hypertrophy caused by Anktinomyces infection have been reported until now (4,5,6,7,10). Three of them were masquerading as a tumor (5,6,7), and two were pendulous mass attached to the tonsil (4, 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classical surgical excision is thought to be the definitive treatment for head and neck actinomycosis, and tonsillectomy may ultimately be required for tonsillar actinomycosis (3,7,8,10). After the surgical treatment, penicillins given in high doses are the drugs of choice.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the surgical treatment, penicillins given in high doses are the drugs of choice. Other antibiotics, such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol are effective in patients allergic to penicillins (3,7,8,10).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of an Unilateral Tonsillar Hypertrophy Caused by Actinomycosis

Rašić

Perić

Vukomanović-Đurđević

2010

Acta Med. (Hradec Kralove, Czech Repub.)

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Summary:The purpose of this report was to present an unusual case of an unilateral tonsillar hypertophy caused by actinomycosis. It is an infrequent bacterial infection nowadays. Only five such cases have been reported up to now. Diagnosis is difficult, because there are not specific diagnostic procedures. Medical treatment consists of surgical excision of tonsils and postoperative antibiotic therapy.

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Cervicofacial Actinomycosis in Children

Şen¹,

Arısoy²,

Starke³

2021

Pediatric ENT Infections

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Actinomycosis is caused by Actinomyces spp., which are Gram-positive, non-acidfast, pleomorphic, non-spore-forming rods. They require anaerobic or microaerophilic environments for growth, and demonstrate branching, often appearing as beaded filaments [5,6]. Gram stain shows varying morphology from diphtheria bacillus-like appearance to a mycelial structure. The organisms are members of the Actinomycetales order, Actinomycetaceae family, Actinomyces genus [2]. Mycobacteria and Nocardia are also included in the Actinomycetales order, and histopathological and clinical differential diagnosis with the members of Actinomyces genus is sometimes difficult [1][2][3].Genus Actinomyces and the very closely related genus Nocardia were previously considered fungi [1,2]. The word Actinomyces means "ray-fungus," and the organisms resemble fungi because of their filamentous appearance. However, Actinomyces spp. are typical bacteria due to the structural features and antimicrobial drug susceptibility. They have much narrower filaments than the hyphae of the fungi. While the filaments of Actinomyces are easily fragmented, the tubular hyphae of the molds do not split and exhibit different branching patterns. Reproduction of Actinomyces is by binary fission, while fungi reproduce by spore and bud formation [2][3][4].Actinomyces spp. are natural members of the oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary system microbiota [1,5,7]. Dental plaques, carious teeth, periodontal pockets, gingival crevices, tonsillar crypts, and saliva are colonized by Actinomyces species [8,9]. In a pediatric study performed on tonsillectomy tissue, Actinomyces colonization was detected at a rate of 12% [10].Twenty-six of the 49 known Actinomyces species have been implicated in human infections [7]. Actinomyces israelii is the most frequent cause of human disease, and Actinomyces gerencseriae, Actinomyces graevenitzii, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces neuii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Actinomyces radicidentis, Actinomyces radingae, Actinomyces turicensis, and Actinomyces viscosus were reported as the other leading Actinomyces species causing disease in humans [1,2,6,8]. Although A. israelii is the leading cause of actinomycosis, A. odontolyticus and A. naeslundii are the most common colonizing species in the oral cavity of children [11]. While Actinomyces bovis causes the disease known as "lumpy jaw" in cattle, it has been identified only in a single human case due to possible transmission via a lamb bite [12]. A study conducted in Germany found that A. israelii (42.0%) and A. gerencseriae (26.7%) were the most common species in 1997 culture-positive cases of human cervicofacial actinomycoses [13].Actinomyces spp. are co-pathogens, and require other bacteria to multiply, explaining why they are commonly found in tissues harboring other aerobic and/or anaerobic species. Thus, Actinomyces species are frequently isolated from clinical specimens together with other bacteria of the polymicrobial microbiota. They synergistically inh...

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A case of actinomycosis causing unilateral tonsillar hypertrophy

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

The role of the actinomyces in obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis in pediatric population

The role of the actinomyces in obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis in pediatric population

A Case of an Unilateral Tonsillar Hypertrophy Caused by Actinomycosis

Cervicofacial Actinomycosis in Children

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