A Case of Emetic Toxin Producing<i>Bacillus cereus</i>Strains Isolated from Outbreak

Kim, Jong Hyun; Lim, Eun Gyoung; Jang, Hyun Chul; Park, Ju Young; Lee, Sun Jin; Park, Mi Sun; Choi, Gil Bae; Lee, Bok Kwon

doi:10.5145/kjcm.2009.12.1.48

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our results are in accordance with those of previous studies conducted in other countries, which highlighted that nheABC and entFM were carried by emetic toxin-producing strains [ 16 , 17 , 22 , 23 ], as well as those of previous Korean studies [ 23 , 27 , 28 ]. The cytK gene is frequently detected in isolates from patients with diarrheal-type food poisoning caused by B. cereus [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Surveillance of Bacillus cereus Isolates in Korea from 2012 to 2014

Jung

Kim

Cha

et al. 2017

Osong Public Health Res Perspect

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ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and toxin production characteristics of non-emetic and emetic Bacillus cereus strains isolated via the laboratory surveillance system in Korea.MethodsA total of 667 B. cereus strains were collected by the Korea National Research Institute of Health laboratory surveillance system from 2012 to 2014. The collected strains were analyzed by geographical region, season, patient age, and patient sex. Additionally, the prevalence rates of enterotoxin and emetic toxin genes were evaluated.ResultsThe isolation rate of B. cereus strains increased during the summer, but the isolation rate was evenly distributed among patient age groups. Emetic toxin was produced by 20.2% of the isolated strains. The prevalence rates of five enterotoxin genes (entFM, nheA, cytK2, hblC, and bceT) were 85.0, 78.6, 44.5, 36.6, and 29.7%, respectively, among non-emetic strains and 77.8, 59.3, 17.8, 11.9 and 12.6%, respectively, among emetic strains. Thus, the prevalence rates of all five enterotoxin genes were lower in emetic B. cereus.ConclusionThe prevalence of enterotoxin genes differed between non-emetic and emetic B. cereus strains. Among emetic B. cereus strains, the prevalence rates of two enterotoxin genes (cytK2 and hblC) were lower than those among the non-emetic strains. In both the emetic and non-emetic strains isolated in Korea, nheA and entFM were the most prevalent enterotoxin genes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…However, in North America and Europe, diarrheal-type B. cereus infection is most frequent [ 21 ]. In Korea, 27 food poisoning outbreaks associated with B. cereus were reported from 2001 to 2008, but few cases of vomiting-type food poisoning caused by B. cereus were reported [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Bacillus cereus Isolates in Korea from 2012 to 2014

Jung

Kim

Cha

et al. 2017

Osong Public Health Res Perspect

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“…The Korea Food and Drug Administration has reported that only 3·7% (1 of 27) of all B. cereus outbreak cases from 2001 to 2008 were of the emetic type of food poisoning (Kim et al. 2009, 2010b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess intraspecific biodiversity and source tracking capability using DiversiLab™, eight emetic strains (KNIH uls 1–8) that were associated with a single‐source emetic outbreak, during which people became sick after eating sashimi in Korea in 2008 (Kim et al. 2009), and two food‐related emetic strains (SK12, SEF28) isolated from powdered grains were included in addition to those strains isolated from sporadic food poisoning cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, phenotypic traits and molecular characterization of emetic toxin-producing Bacillus cereus strains isolated from human stools in Korea

Chon

Kim

Lee

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To investigate the prevalence and genotypic/phenotypic characters of emetic toxin‐producing Bacillus cereus strains isolated from sporadic food poisoning cases in Korea. Methods and Results: The prevalence of emetic B. cereus was determined in 56 899 stool samples from sporadic food poisoning cases in Korea between 2004 and 2006. We assessed toxin profiles, phenotypic traits and antibiotic resistance. The molecular subtyping was ascertained using an automated repetitive sequence‐based PCR (rep‐PCR) system, DiversiLab™, with these emetic strains isolated from sporadic food poisoning cases and other emetic strains isolated from an outbreak and food samples. Emetic B. cereus was present in 0·012% of sporadic food poisoning cases. The prevalence of nheABC, hblCDA, cytK and entFM enterotoxin genes among emetic strains was 100, 14·3, 14·3 and 100%, respectively. Most emetic strains were negative for salicin hydrolysis (100%), starch fermentation (85·7%) and haemolysis (85·7%). One emetic isolate, VK7, exhibited several unique traits, such as harbouring the hbl gene and ability to hydrolyse starch. All isolated strains were highly resistant to β‐lactam antibiotics. All emetic strains except VK7 exhibited an identical rep‐PCR banding pattern, while nonemetic strains were classified into various pulsotypes. Conclusions: Most emetic strains except one isolate exhibited similar genotypic/phenotypic traits and subtyping pattern. Automatic rep‐PCR (DiversiLab™) may be used to discriminate emetic strains from nonemetic strains, although we could not distinguish between most emetic strains using that. Significance and Impact of the Study: Result of this study may contribute an extended database on the prevalence and toxigenic traits of emetic B. cereus strains isolated from Korea.

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