A Case of Human Plague in Kosh-Agach Region of the Republic of Altai in 2015. Communication 2. Microbiological and Molecular-Genetic Characteristics of the Isolated Strains

Балахонов, С. В.; Ярыгина, М. Б.; Рождественский, Е. Н.; Базарова, Г. Х.; Витязева, С. А.; Остяк, А. С.; Михайлов, Е. П.; Мищенко, А. И.; Денисов, А. В.; Косилко, С. А.; Корзун, В. М.

doi:10.21055/0370-1069-2016-4-51-55

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…в 2014-2016 гг. в горно-алтайском высокогорном очаге на территории республики алтай впервые официально подтверждены случаи чумы человека [4,5]. ранее в данном очаге отмечалась циркуляция только штаммов алтайского биовара центральноазиатского подвида (ранее -алтайский подвид), который, согласно имеющимся данным, никогда не вызывал случаев чумы у людей.…”

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Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”

Nikiforov

Куклева

Sitmbetov

et al. 2022

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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The aim of the study was to develop a test system that allows for detecting plague pathogen DNA in clinical and biological samples, environmental objects with the simultaneous determination of its appurtenance to the main and non-main subspecies, differentiation of the altai biovar central asiatica subspecies separately. Materials and methods. Primer sets for specific genetic markers have been selected using the VectorNTI 10 software, optimal conditions for PCR were determined for RotorGene devices. To assess the specificity and sensitivity of the developed set of reagents, 44 strains of microorganisms were used, of which 19 were Yersinia pestis strains and 25 strains of heterologous microorganisms. The diagnostic sensitivity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is 98.6 % with a confidence level of probability of 91 %. The diagnostic specificity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is ≥ 99 % with a confidence level of 91 %. Results and discussion. A medical product “A set of reagents for the detection and differentiation of plague pathogen strains of the main and non-main subspecies (altai biovar, subspecies central asiatica exclusively) by the polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescent registration of results in real-time mode (GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF)” has been developed. The set of reagents passed the state registration in accordance with the established procedure. The use of the developed set of reagents is relevant for the Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague focus of the Russian Federation and the adjacent part of Mongolia.

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unclassified

Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”

Nikiforov

Куклева

Sitmbetov

et al. 2022

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Xu¹,

Wang²,

Dalantai³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The incidence of plague has rebounded in the Americas, Asia, and Africa alongside rapid globalization and climate change. Previous studies have shown local climate to have significant nonlinear effects on plague dynamics among rodent communities. We analyzed an 18-year database of plague, spanning 1998 to 2015, in the foci of Mongolia and China to trace the associations between marmot plague and climate factors. Our results suggested a density-dependent effect of precipitation and a geographic location-dependent effect of temperature on marmot plague. That is, a significantly positive relationship was evident between risk of plague and precipitation only when the marmot density exceeded a certain threshold. The geographical heterogeneity of the temperature effect and the contrasting slopes of influence for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and other regions in the study (nQTP) were primarily related to diversity of climate and landscape types.

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Identifying correlates of protection from <i>Yersinia pestis</i> on a mouse model and assessing an opportunity for their use as markers of human vaccination efficiency

Клюева

Бугоркова

Kashtanova³

2022

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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In conditions when the assessment of changes in the incidence rate cannot be used as an indicator of the effectiveness of a live plague vaccine, there is a real need to search for other, in particular, immunological correlates of the vaccine's protection. Modern concepts of the patho- and immunogenesis of plague make it possible to narrow the search for possible correlates of protection, focusing on the assessment of cellular factors of the immune response. The aim of this work is to identify the immunological correlates of protection against plague in mice immunized with Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG, and to assess the dynamics of selected markers of immunological effectiveness of vaccination in people vaccinated against plague. Experimental model - BALB / c mice, 40 individuals in each group were immunized with Y. pestis EV at doses of 2 × 102, 1 × 103, 5 × 103, 2.5 × 104 CFU, and on the 21st day they were infected with Y. pestis 231 at a dose of 400 LD50. Control group - intact animals. Immunogenicity was determined by ImD50 and calculated by the Kerber method. Volunteers - 20 people who were first vaccinated with the live plague vaccine and 20 people who were not vaccinated against the plague (comparison group). The production of cytokines in the blood was determined on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent analyzer "LAZURIT" (Dynex Technologies, USA): in mice before infection with Y. pestis 231 on the 14th and 21st days after vaccination; in humans - before vaccination, 1, 6 and 12 months after vaccination. We used commercial kits in accordance with the instructions for their use. The immunized mice showed a significant increase (2.2 times) in the induced IFN-γ production and a moderate increase in the concentration of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-17A on the 14th day of immunogenesis. A high correlation was found between the survival rate of animals and the level of antigen- / mitogen-induced production of IFN-γ (r = 0.94, p = 0.039), both on the 14th and 21st days, as well as a noticeable relationship with the level of production of IL-10 and IL-17A on the 14th day of immunogenesis. In volunteers one month after inoculation, an increase in the indicators of mitogen-induced production of all detectable cytokines was noted, but the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17A significantly increased by the 6th month of observation (p <0.05), although only for IFN-γ and IL-17A, the induced production of these cytokines remained at a sufficiently high level up to a year after inoculation. Thus, IFN-γ and IL-17A can be considered as possible informative correlates of protection of mice from Y. pestis on days 14 and 21, considering the increase in the induced production of these cytokines as adequate markers of the protective efficacy of immunization, and the assessment of the dynamics of these parameters in volunteers vaccinated with the plague live vaccine, an increase in the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A can be considered a favorable prognostic marker of the immunological efficacy of the vaccine in the period from the 6th to the 12th month of observation.

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A Case of Human Plague in Kosh-Agach Region of the Republic of Altai in 2015. Communication 2. Microbiological and Molecular-Genetic Characteristics of the Isolated Strains

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”

Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”

Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Identifying correlates of protection from <i>Yersinia pestis</i> on a mouse model and assessing an opportunity for their use as markers of human vaccination efficiency

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