A case study on the scaling-up of double fortified salt through the public distribution system of a food security program in Uttar Pradesh, India: experiences, challenges, and achievements

Abstract

Back Background ground Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) exerts an enormous public health burden in low-income countries, primarily affecting women and children. Double fortified salt (DFS)-salt fortified with Iodine and Iron-has the potential to prevent and correct iron deficiencies. Major challenges relate to the implementation and scaling-up of the production, distribution, and promotion of DFS. Methods Methods A pilot project for scaling up DFS through integration with the public distribution system (PDS)-a federal food security program in India-was implemented for a one-year period. One of the objectives was to test the scale-up model, critically evaluate its scalability, and assess drivers and spaces for the scale-up. Using the case study methodology, we reviewed program records, monitoring data, and key informant interviews with stakeholders. "Scalability considerations" and "drivers and spaces" framework from scale-up literature were used for synthesizing findings. * † ‡ Jadhav MH, Venkatesh Mannar MG, Wesley AS. A case study on the scaling-up of double fortified salt through the public distribution system of a food security program in Uttar Pradesh, India: experiences, challenges, and achievements.

Sensory Trial of Quintuple Fortified Salt—Salt Fortified With Iodine, Iron, Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, and Zinc—Among Consumers in New Delhi, India

“…Research and implementation experience suggest that the color change, though minimal, presents challenges to the acceptability of DFS. 15 The color change in food cooked with DFS found to be acceptable in ideal conditions (laboratory sensory trials and efficacy studies) may present as a challenge in commercial scale-up when the quality of premix (encapsulation) and/or base salt is compromised. 16 To that extent, field application of Q 5 FS will need strict and continuous quality monitoring to be successful.…”

Making programmes worth their salt: Assessing the context, fidelity and outcomes of implementation of the double fortified salt programme in Uttar Pradesh, India

“…We developed a theorised UP DFS programme impact pathway (PIP) in collaboration with the DFS programme team (Figure 1 ). Developing this was an iterative process that involved several discussions with DFS implementation staff and review of programme documents, including the results framework and revisions to the logic model (Jadhav et al, 2019 ). The detailed pathway (supporting information Figure S1 ), developed through this process, articulates the intervention inputs and activities of the DFS programme (government processes, production and distribution of DFS, quality assurance and awareness creation) and their links to proximal and distal outcomes, and to final programme impact.…”

Optimization of the color masking and coating unit operations for microencapsulating ferrous fumarate for double fortification of salt

“…The process of making iron premix is an additional operation to the conventional process of making iodized salt. The technology was scaled up by several pilot testing trials, which eventually led to India's full commercialization (Jadhav et al 2019).…”