A chamber system with automatic opening and closing for continuously measuring soil respiration based on an open‐flow dynamic method

Suh, Sang Uk; Chun, Young Moon; Chae, Namyi; Kim, Joon; Lim, Jong Hwan; Yokozawa, Masayuki; Lee, Mi‐Sun; Lee, Jae Seok

doi:10.1007/s11284-005-0137-7

Cited by 43 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…(12), t 98 increases proportionally with Q in Fig. 7a, which corresponds well with experimental findings of Suh et al (2006) and simulation studies of Gao and Yates (1998). In contrast, t 98 is independent from the NO emission flux (Fig.…”

Section: Simulationssupporting

confidence: 88%

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An automated dynamic chamber system for surface exchange measurement of non-reactive and reactive trace gases of grassland ecosystems

et al. 2009

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Abstract. We present an automated dynamic chamber system which is optimised for continuous unattended flux measurements of multiple non-reactive and reactive trace gases on grassland ecosystems. Main design features of our system are (a) highly transparent chamber walls consisting of chemically inert material, (b) individual purging flow units for each chamber, and (c) a movable lid for automated opening and closing of the chamber. The purging flow rate was chosen high enough to keep the mean residence time of the chamber air below one minute. This guarantees a proven efficient mixing of the chamber volume and a fast equilibration after lid closing. The dynamic chamber system is able to measure emission as well as deposition fluxes of trace gases. For the latter case, the modification of the turbulent transport by the chamber (compared to undisturbed ambient conditions) is quantitatively described by a bulk resistance concept.Beside a detailed description of the design and functioning of the system, results of field applications at two grassland sites are presented. In the first experiment, fluxes of five trace gases (CO 2 , H 2 O, NO, NO 2 , O 3 ) were measured simultaneously on small grassland plots.It showed that the dynamic chamber system is able to detect the characteristic diurnal cycles with a sufficient temporal resolution. The results also demonstrated the importance of considering the chemical source/sink in the chamber due to gas phase reactions for the reactive compounds of the NO-NO 2 -O 3 triad. In a second field experiment, Correspondence to: L. Pape (llehmann@mpch-mainz.mpg.de) chamber flux measurements of CO 2 and methanol were compared to simultaneous independent eddy covariance flux measurements on the field scale. The fluxes obtained with the two methods showed a very good agreement indicating a minimal disturbance of the chambers on the physiological activity of the enclosed vegetation.

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Section: Simulationssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Bargsten et al, 2008). For vegetation higher than about 30 cm, the chamber height can easily be extended by an additional cylinder module (similar to Bakwin et al, 1990;Suh et al, 2006). Finally, the chamber system may also be used for indoor applications with a controlled environment, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

An automated dynamic chamber system for surface exchange measurement of non-reactive and reactive trace gases of grassland ecosystems

et al. 2009

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“…Rs was calculated on the basis of the linear increase in CO2 concentration in the closed chamber using equation [14]:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AOCC system based on closed dynamic methods allows continuous measurement of R s , creating enough data to understand the relationship between diurnal and seasonal R s and environmental factors. This method has been used in some forests [3,[11][12][13][14] but is rarely used in old-growth forests. Using this system in the present study site sometimes resulted in some problems, in addition to no electricity, for example, the chambers could not fully close due to heavy rain.…”

Section: Estimation Of Soil Respiration In the Old-growth Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies on the effects of T s and W on R s have been conducted using an automatic opening and closing chamber (AOCC) system. Although this approach is based on the closed dynamic method, the AOCC system allows continuous measurement of R s on both short-and long-term scales and provides the detail needed to develop our understanding of the relationships between R s and environmental variables [3,[11][12][13][14]. Moreover, this system minimizes disturbance of the soil surface during R s measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Upscaling of Soil Respiration under a Complex Canopy Structure in an Old‐Growth Deciduous Forest, Central Japan

Suchewaboripont

Ando

Yoshitake

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:The structural complexity, especially canopy and gap structure, of old-growth forests affects the spatial variation of soil respiration (R s ). Without considering this variation, the upscaling of R s from field measurements to the forest site will be biased. The present study examined responses of R s to soil temperature (T s ) and water content (W) in canopy and gap areas, developed the best fit model of R s and used the unique spatial patterns of R s and crown closure to upscale chamber measurements to the site scale in an old-growth beech-oak forest. R s increased with an increase in T s in both gap and canopy areas, but the effect of W on R s was different between the two areas. The generalized linear model (GLM) analysis identified that an empirical model of R s with the coupling of T s and W was better than an exponential model of R s with only T s . Moreover, because of different responses of R s to W between canopy and gap areas, it was necessary to estimate R s in these areas separately. Consequently, combining the spatial patterns of R s and the crown closure could allow upscaling of R s from chamber-based measurements to the whole site in the present study.

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Biodegradability screening of soil amendments through coupling of wavelength‐scanned cavity ring‐down spectroscopy to multiple dynamic chambers

Bai

Köstler

Kunstmann³

et al. 2011

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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A system was developed for the automatic measurements of ¹³CO₂ efflux to determine biodegradation of extra carbon amendments to soils. The system combines wavelength-scanned cavity ring down laser spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) with the open-dynamic chamber (ODC) method. The WS-CRDS instrument and a batch of 24 ODC are coupled via microprocessor-controlled valves. Determination of the biodegradation requires a known δ¹³C value and the applied mass of the carbon compounds, and the biodegradation is calculated based on the ¹³CO₂ mixing ratio (ppm) sampled from the headspace of the chambers. The WS-CRDS system provided accurate detection based on parallel samples of three standard gases (¹³CO₂ of 2, 11 and 22 ppm) that were measured simultaneously by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (linear regression R² = 0.99). Repeated checking with the same standards showed that the WS-CRDS system showed no drift over seven months.The applicability of the ODC was checked against the closed static chamber (CSC) method using the rapid biodegradation of cane sugar-δ¹³C-labeled through C4 photosynthesis. There was no significant difference between the results from 7-min ODC and 120-min CSC measurements. Further, a test using samples of either cane sugar (C4) or beetroot sugar (C3) mixed into standard soil proved the target functionality of the system, which is to identify the biodegradation of carbon sources with significantly different isotopic signatures.

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A chamber system with automatic opening and closing for continuously measuring soil respiration based on an open‐flow dynamic method

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

An automated dynamic chamber system for surface exchange measurement of non-reactive and reactive trace gases of grassland ecosystems

An automated dynamic chamber system for surface exchange measurement of non-reactive and reactive trace gases of grassland ecosystems

Spatial Upscaling of Soil Respiration under a Complex Canopy Structure in an Old‐Growth Deciduous Forest, Central Japan

Biodegradability screening of soil amendments through coupling of wavelength‐scanned cavity ring‐down spectroscopy to multiple dynamic chambers

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