A charge-modulated FET for detection of biomolecular processes: conception, modeling, and simulation

Barbaro, Massimo; Bonfiglio, Annalisa; Raffo, Luigi

doi:10.1109/ted.2005.860659

Cited by 164 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The active area is the site for DNA immobilization and detection after proper chemical activation of the surface by means of deposition of a spacer layer capable of anchoring DNA molecules. The working principle has been described, modeled, and simulated in [10] and can be summarized with the following output equation:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS, fully integrated sensor for electronic detection of DNA hybridization

Barbaro

Bonfiglio

Raffo

et al. 2006

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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An integrated field-effect device for fully electronic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection was realized in a standard CMOS process. The device is composed of a floating-gate MOS transistor, a control-capacitor acting as integrated counterelectrode, and an exposed active area for DNA immobilization. The drain-current of the transistor is modulated by the electric charge carried by the DNA molecules. After DNA hybridization, this charge increases and a change in the output current is measured. Experimental results are provided. Full compatibility with a standard CMOS process opens the way to the realization of low-cost large-scale integration of fast electronic DNA detectors.Index Terms-CMOS biosensor, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) chip, fully electronic DNA detection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS, fully integrated sensor for electronic detection of DNA hybridization

Barbaro

Bonfiglio

Raffo

et al. 2006

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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“…The sensing units are an improvement of the ones originally described in Barbaro et al [12]: they consist of a pair of complementary floating-gate transistors, biased by a control capacitor. Part of the floating gate is exposed and works as the sensing area onto which DNA probes should be anchored.…”

Section: Detection Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free, direct DNA detection by means of a standard CMOS electronic chip

Barbaro

Caboni

Loi

et al. 2012

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…The sensing unit, whose working principle has been described, modeled, and simulated in [10], is based on a charge modulated field-effect transistor (CMFET). As shown in Figure 1 it is made up of a transistor with a floating gate, a poly1-poly2 control capacitor CCF , an active area AS, and a parasitic capacitor CFB between the floating-gate and the silicon body.…”

Section: Working Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS Integrated DNA-chip for hybridization detection with digital output

Barbara

Caboni

Loi

2007

2007 2nd International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interface

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A CMOS integrated circuit hosting an array of 80 sensors for DNA hybridization detection was designed. Each biosensor is made up of a FET device whose current is modulated by DNA electric charge. The chip incorporates integrated temperature detection for precise assay control and features programmable signal conditioning, amplification and A/D conversion. Successful pre-and post-layout simulations are provided. IntroductionThe standard, commercial approach to DNA hybridization detection is based on the use of fluorescent, radio-scope and other labels and can be schematically summarized in the following procedure: (a) a probe of single-stranded known sequence of DNA is immobilized on a substrate, (b) the unknown sequence (target) is labeled with a specific tag and (c) when hybridization occurs, the target sequence binds to its complementary strand immobilized on the surface and (d) its presence can be optically detected [1]. The required instrumentation is bulky, costly and not portable [2].For this reason, a number of new approaches for direct, label-free detection of DNA hybridization have been proposed in the last decade. Among them, detection based on quartz crystals microbalances (QCM) [3], cantilever-based techniques [4] and several examples of electronic detection methods [5]- [9]. Direct electronic detection has several advantages with respect to other approaches: the detector is incorporated in the substrate, the output signal can be directly acquired and processed on a chip, automatic recognition is achievable in real-time and at low-cost. Moreover, electronic detection by means of standard CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) devices would pave the way to the realization of simple, portable, inexpensive detection platforms, exploiting the advanced technology of consumer electronics.In this paper we present a DNA-chip hosting 80 sensing sites, entirely realized in a standard, commercially available, CMOS process, which allows direct electronic read-out of the outputs. The implemented detection principle is based on the modulation of the threshold voltage of a MOS transistor, induced by the intrinsic electric charge of the DNA molecule.

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A charge-modulated FET for detection of biomolecular processes: conception, modeling, and simulation

Cited by 164 publications

References 25 publications

A CMOS, fully integrated sensor for electronic detection of DNA hybridization

A CMOS, fully integrated sensor for electronic detection of DNA hybridization

Label-free, direct DNA detection by means of a standard CMOS electronic chip

A CMOS Integrated DNA-chip for hybridization detection with digital output

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