A chemostratigraphic study of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy): Insights on magma chamber withdrawal and deposit accumulation as revealed by compositionally zoned stratigraphic and facies framework

Fedele, Lorenzo; Scarpati, Claudio; Sparice, Domenico; Perrotta, Annamaria; Laiena, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.05.019

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…To determine the isopach locations, two different methods were used, one in the proximal area to medial (from the caldera to the base of the Apennine Mountains, including the Campanian Plain) and one in the distal area. The almost complete lack of outcrops in the Campanian Plain and the valley-ponded depositional style in the ridge-valley topography of the Apennine Mountains (Rosi et al, 1983;Rosi et al, 1996;Perrotta et al, 2010;Langella et al, 2013;Scarpati et al, 2014;Scarpati et al, 2015a;Sparice, 2015;Fedele et al, 2016) make these different approaches necessary.…”

Section: The Isopachsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that USAF is a facies emplaced over a wider area than WGI, comprising also topographic highs with mantling and veneer features, but was then subjected to significant areal erosion (Wilson, 1991). The thickness of USAF is mainly between 10 cm and 1 m; in rare cases, it can reach 3 m (Fedele et al, 2016). A median thickness of 1 m is assumed as eroded material for all the enveloped area (6,095 km 2 , projected area) not covered by valley-pond facies, as a reference for the areal erosion.…”

Section: Extracaldera Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Magnitude of the 39.8 ka Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Italy: Method, Uncertainties and Errors

et al. 2020

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Section: The Isopachsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extracaldera Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude of the 39.8 ka Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Italy: Method, Uncertainties and Errors

et al. 2020

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“…3d) is massive and poorly to very poorly sorted (2.6 < σ φ < 4.6) deposits containing abundant, coarse-tail graded, pumice lapilli to blocks, locally forming a pumice concentration zone at the top, and very subordinate mm-sized, slightly normal graded, lithic lava clasts. Pumice blocks have variable chemical compositions 45 . This facies occurs only in the upper coarse unit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locally, a reverse graded pumice concentration zone (pcz) can be observed at the top. Chemically, medial deposits, are trachytic in composition and show a general decreasing trend of evolution both with stratigraphic height and distance from the source 44,45 . Conversely, the upper coarse unit has a heterogeneous composition 45 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of large pyroclastic currents inferred by the internal architecture of the Campanian Ignimbrite

Scarpati

Sparice

Perrotta

2020

Sci Rep

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Large ignimbrites are the product of devastating explosive eruptions that have repeatedly impacted climate and life on global scale. The assemblage of vertical and lateral lithofacies variations within an ignimbrite sheet, its internal architecture, may help to determine how the parental pyroclastic current evolves in time and space. The 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite eruption, vented from Campi Flegrei caldera, laid down a thick ignimbrite over an area of thousands of km2. A detailed reconstruction of the vertical and lateral variation of the seven lithofacies recognised in the ignimbrite medial sequence constrains the behaviour of this event. The pyroclastic current flowed over a wide area around Campi Flegrei without depositing (bypass zone), and inundated a huge area during most of the paroxysmal, waxing phase, emplacing a mainly incipiently- to strongly- welded ignimbrite. Following this waxing phase, the leading edge of the current retreated back towards the source as the current waned, impacting a progressively smaller area and leaving an unconsolidated ash and lapilli deposit, later lithified. Our study illustrates how large pyroclastic currents can evolve in time and space and the importance of both internal (eruptive and transport mechanisms) and external (topography, surficial water and rain) factors in governing their behaviour.

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“…The caldera is re presented by a quasi-circular depression of ~8 km in diameter which developed in the central sector of the Campi Flegrei, including the onshore area and part of Pozzuoli Bay ( Figure 4) (ROSI & SBRANA 1987;SCARPATI et al 1993;ORSI et al 1996;FLORIO et al 1999;JUDENHERC & ZOLLO 2004;DE NATALE et al 2006;DELLO IACONO et al 2009;SACCHI et al 2009SACCHI et al , 2014STEINMANN et al 2016STEINMANN et al , 2018. The NYT collapse was preceded by a high-magnitude (150 km 3 DRE) eruption, namely the Campania Ignimbrite (CI; ~39 ka) which was originated during a larger caldera collapse at Campi Flegrei (ROSI & SBRANA 1987, ORSI et al 1992, WOHLETZ et al 1995, DEINO et al 2004, FEDELE et al 2016 or alternatively by fissural events occurring in the Campania Plain (DE VIVO et al 2001, ROLANDI et al 2003. Post-NYT activity (last 15 ky) was characterised by hydromagmatic activity associated with the formation of several small vents and several monogenetic volcanoes including tuff rings, tuff cones, as well as a few cinder cones and lava domes occurred inside the caldera at 3.8-4 ka , INSINGA et al 2006, FEDELE et al 2011, DI RENZO et al 2011.…”

Section: Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 99%

The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy

et al. 2019

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Very high-resolution, single channel (IKB-Seistec™) reflection profiles acquired offshore the Napoli Bay, complemented with geological and geophysical data from the literature, provide unprecedented, superb seismic imaging of the Latest Pleistocene-Holocene stratigraphic architecture of the submerged sectors Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvius volcanic districts. Seismic profiles were calibrated by gravity core data and document a range of depositional systems, volcanic structures and hydrothermal features that evolved after the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 18 ka BP) over the continental shelf on the Campania coastal zone.Seistec profiles from the Pozzuoli Bay yield high-resolution images of the shallow structure of the collapse caldera-ring fault - resurgent dome system associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) (ca 15 ka BP) and support a working hypothesis to assess the timing and the styles of deformation of the NYT resurgent structure throughout the Latest Quaternary. Seismic images also revealed the nature of the fragile deformation of strata along the NYT ring fault system and the occurrence of hydrothermal fluids and volcanic/sub-volcanic intrusions ascending along the ring fault zone. Seismic data acquired over the continental shelf off the Somma-Vesuvius stratovolcano, display evidence of gravitational instability of sand wave deposits originated by the underwater modification of pyroclastic flows that entered the seawater after destroying the Roman city of Herculaneum during the 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius.At the Banco della Montagna, a hummocky seafloor knoll located between the Somma-Vesuvius and the Pozzuoli Bay, seismic profiles and gravity core data revealed the occurrence of a field of volcaniclastic diapirs formed by the dragging and rising up of unconsolidated pumice, as a consequence of fluid overpressure at depth associated with active degassing and fluid venting at the seafloor.

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A chemostratigraphic study of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy): Insights on magma chamber withdrawal and deposit accumulation as revealed by compositionally zoned stratigraphic and facies framework

Cited by 35 publications

References 49 publications

The Magnitude of the 39.8 ka Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Italy: Method, Uncertainties and Errors

The Magnitude of the 39.8 ka Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption, Italy: Method, Uncertainties and Errors

Dynamics of large pyroclastic currents inferred by the internal architecture of the Campanian Ignimbrite

The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy

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