A Chronic Autochthonous Fifth Clade Case of Candida auris Otomycosis in Iran

Safari, Fatemeh; Madani, Mahboobeh; Badali, Hamid; Kargoshaie, Amir-Abbas; Fakhim, Hamed; Kheirollahi, Majid; Meis, Jacques F.; Mirhendi, Hossein

doi:10.1007/s11046-021-00605-6

Cited by 27 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Based on whole‐genome sequencing (WGS), C auris isolates have been classified into five distinct clades as South Asian (Clade I), East Asian (Clade II), South African (Clade III), South American (Clade IV) and Iranian (Clade V) 19,20 . Sporadic cases of C auris otomycosis have recently been reported from Iran (Clade V) with hundreds of thousands of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) differences from the other clades which are not associated with hospital outbreaks 21‐23 . However, neither C auris isolates from different clades nor C auris invasive infections have been previously reported in Iran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 Sporadic cases of C auris otomycosis have recently been reported from Iran (Clade V) with hundreds of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) differences from the other clades which are not associated with hospital outbreaks. [21][22][23] However, neither C auris isolates from different clades nor C auris invasive infections have been previously reported in Iran. Since the first reported case of C auris in 2018, active surveillance studies have not been performed in Iran, and the lack of screening policies for C auris in patients repatriated from countries reported to have this emerging pathogen may be the cause of grounding and spread within institutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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South Asian (Clade I) Candida auris meningitis in a paediatric patient in Iran with a review of the literature

Mirhendi

Charsizadeh

Aboutalebian

et al. 2021

Mycoses

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

South Asian (Clade I) Candida auris meningitis in a paediatric patient in Iran with a review of the literature

Mirhendi

Charsizadeh

Aboutalebian

et al. 2021

Mycoses

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“…In the next stage, elongation were carried out at 72°C for 30 sec, as well as a final extension step at 72°C for 5 min. All the products of PCR were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel stained with 0.5 µg/mL ethidium bromide (reference case) (5). Then, the internal transcribed spacer PCR-RFLP was used to identify the yeasts isolated on CHROM agar TM Candida medium with the restriction enzymes MspI (Figure 2) (26).…”

Section: Auris-specific Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. auris is a recently discovered Candida/Clavispora clade member, which was first isolated from a female patients' ear discharge in 2009 in Japan (2). Subsequently, C. auris has quickly gained a reputation as a remarkable nosocomial pathogen causing many infections throughout the world (3), including three confirmed cases from Iran, which were genetically distinct from the other known C. auris clades (4)(5)(6). C. auris is a global health issue because of its rapid global expansion, multidrugresistance features, skin colonization capacity, nosocomial epidemic production with high mortality rates (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Candida auris Colonization using Clinical Skin Swabs: A Single-Center Study in Isfahan, Iran

Safari

Madani

Mirhendi

et al. 2022

J Health Rep Technol

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: The multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen Candida auris has been associated with healthcare. We need to address COVID-19 pandemic as well as the ongoing global fungal epidemic caused by C. auris, a multi-drug-resistant fungus spreading rapidly throughout the world. This study was conducted on patients admitted to an ICU in Isfahan, Iran, from November 2020 to February 2021 to determine the spectrum of C. auris colonization in immunocompromised patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU). Therefore, clinical swabs were collected from 32 immunocompromised patients for C. auris detection upon ICU admission after 7 to 14 days. A rich culture medium was used to evaluate C. auris growth at a higher temperature (40°C) and salinity (10% wt/vol) in Sabouraud dextrose agar, which can be used in combination with a C. auris-specific polymerase chain reaction method. C. auris was not isolated in the clinical samples of patients. The most common colonizer was Candida albicans, followed by C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Candida glabrata was the only species with noticeable growth in the Salt SDA, with D-Mannitol as a carbon source. Currently, C. auris is not a common cause of systemic or superficial fungal infections in Iran. The screening of patients admitted to the ICU for C. auris could aid in the identification of colonized patients and could simplify the application of infection control measures.

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“…Several literature reviews of global culture collections showed that the earliest C. auris isolate causing a BSI came from a paediatric surgery patient from South Korea in 1996 9–11 . Nowadays, C. auris is a global concern that accounts for nosocomial outbreaks, invasive infections and fungaemia, predominantly in intensive care units (ICUs) across at least 50 countries on six continents 12–16 . The most common risk factors for C. auris infections were diabetes mellitus (DM), the extreme age, neutropenia, ICU hospitalisation, pulmonary diseases (PD), cardiovascular diseases (CVSD), kidney diseases (KD), medical devices interventions (MDI), such as catheters and mechanical ventilation (MV), long‐time use of broad‐spectrum antibiotics and antifungals and immunosuppressive therapy 17–19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global prevalence and subgroup analyses of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) associated Candida auris infections (CACa): A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Vaseghi

Sharifisooraki

Khodadadi

et al. 2022

Mycoses

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Background Increased hospitalisation rates in the Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) era lead to a new wave of hospital‐acquired infections such as emerging multidrug‐resistant Candida auris. We aimed to evaluate and estimate the global prevalence of coronavirus‐associated C. auris infection (CACa). Methods We searched related databases between December 2019 and April 2022 for studies that reported data about CACa. Meta‐analysis was performed using MedCalc software version 20.104 according to the DerSimonian and Laird method applying the random‐effects model. We evaluated heterogeneity using the χ2‐based Q statistic (significant for p‐value < .1) and the I2 statistic (>75% indicative of ‘notable’ heterogeneity). Moreover, if possible, an odds ratio (OR) analysis was performed for eligible data. Results Our meta‐analysis includes ten eligible studies, including 1942 patients hospitalised with COVID‐19; 129 were C. auris cases. The overall pooled prevalence of CACa was estimated at 5.7%. The mortality rate of CACa was estimated at 67.849%. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (59.374%), followed by diabetes mellitus (52.898%) and cardiovascular diseases (31.392%). Men with a prevalence rate of 80.012% were 3.27 (OR) times more prone to getting infected by C. auris. Conclusion We concluded that the prevalence of C. auris infections decreased during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the prevalence gradient changed from Asia to America. Unfortunately, there are many descriptive studies with duplicate content in the field of epidemiology of C. auris infections which are increasing every day. We suggest further non‐descriptive studies to accurately establish the cause‐and‐effect relationships between C. auris and COVID‐19 infections.

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A Chronic Autochthonous Fifth Clade Case of Candida auris Otomycosis in Iran

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

South Asian (Clade I) Candida auris meningitis in a paediatric patient in Iran with a review of the literature

South Asian (Clade I) Candida auris meningitis in a paediatric patient in Iran with a review of the literature

Evaluation of Candida auris Colonization using Clinical Skin Swabs: A Single-Center Study in Isfahan, Iran

Global prevalence and subgroup analyses of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) associated Candida auris infections (CACa): A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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