A chronic kidney disease patient awareness questionnaire: Development and validation

Abstract

Background With the advance of medical care, chronic non-communicable diseases, like chronic kidney disease (CKD), have become the predominant diseases around the world. With heavy society and economy burden, we shall make full use of chronic disease management, including precision therapies. And the prerequisite for implementing precision medicine is to fully understand the characteristics of patients. Being the basis of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Model, patient’s awareness is essential to conduct individualized treatments. However, there have been no validated questionnaires specific to the awareness of patients with CKD. Therefore, this study aims to develop and validate an awareness questionnaire for patients with CKD. Methods From March 2013 to September 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted at Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. Age 18 or above were enrolled in the study. After signing the informed consent, they received a self-developed questionnaire to evaluate their CKD-related awareness. Then we collected their demographic data for further analyses. We also conducted item analyses/ validity and reliability analysis to filter out improper items and to retain the eligible ones. Results We totally distributed 110 copies of the questionnaires and 100 of them were returned. After item analyses, 2 items were excluded because of Cronbach’s Alpha analysis. In total, 18 items were retained, comprising the final set of the questionnaire. For validity analysis, 4 components could explain the cumulative 73.966% extraction sums of the squared loadings; for reliability analysis, the Guttman Split-Half coefficient was 0.918. Conclusions This awareness questionnaire has favorable validity and reliability. It is a sound method for evaluating and measuring levels of disease-related awareness in CKD patients.

Assessment of Disease State Awareness among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Divisional Headquarter Hospital Mirpur, Pakistan

“…This was the first study conducted on CKD awareness in AJ&K. Results showed satisfactory awareness of about 56% (42.3 is the average awareness score out of 72). Past studies on CKD patients showed low awareness 23 to 40% in nonhemodialysis patients in Africans-American patients, [16,17] 45.6 % awareness in Kenya, [18] 29 % awareness in Africa, [16] satisfactory awareness in China, [19] poor awareness in Australia, [20] poor awareness in Nigeria. [21] Cronbach's alpha showed that the questionnaire has acceptable reliability, a = 0.82 near to original study of validation by Peng S et al in 2019 in China (a = 0.852) (19).…”

“…Past studies on CKD patients showed low awareness 23 to 40% in nonhemodialysis patients in Africans-American patients, [16,17] 45.6 % awareness in Kenya, [18] 29 % awareness in Africa, [16] satisfactory awareness in China, [19] poor awareness in Australia, [20] poor awareness in Nigeria. [21] Cronbach's alpha showed that the questionnaire has acceptable reliability, a = 0.82 near to original study of validation by Peng S et al in 2019 in China (a = 0.852) (19). P Gheewala et al study in Australia showed a = 0.88 (20), Li Lou et al e-version study in China showed a = 0.962 (22).…”

Self-management program for patients with chronic kidney disease (SMP-CKD) in Southern China: protocol for an ambispective cohort study

“…Patients-reported outcomes (PROMs) will be used to identify lifestyle factors, selfefficacy, psychological status and quality of life. A cognitive questionnaire will be given to determine patients' cognitive levels so that the nursing group can schedule receptive and individualized courses [37]. Social support score will be collected by the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), self-efficacy score will be assessed by General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and patient and doctor relationship will be measured by a developed Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-13) [38][39][40].…”

Development and Preliminary Psychometric Testing of an Adult Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management (CKD-SM) Questionnaire

“…8,9 Existing measures tend to be nonspecific, evaluating chronic disease broadly, or include questions relating to symptoms and therapies that are common only in later-stage CKD, such as dialysis-related fatigue, fistula management, and monitoring blood phosphorus levels. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] We identified 3 existing questionnaires that were relevant to CKD self-management for patients not on KRT. 14,15,19 These questionnaires served as excellent references for item identification for the first iteration of our CKD-SM questionnaire.…”

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Moreover, clinicians and content experts developed many of these existing questionnaires with little, or no, input from patients and caregivers, and so the questionnaires may not reflect patients' self-management needs and priorities. Four related questionnaires, developed to address CKD awareness and/or self-management, 14,15,19,20 have been used to assess self-management in CKD. However, these questionnaires were developed and validated in China and Taiwan, which introduces some cultural context and translation challenges that may limit "conceptual equivalence" of the questionnaires in a Canadian context.…”