A Clinical Study of Case Profile, Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnancy With Cardiac Disease

Abstract

Cardiac disease complicates about 1% of pregnancies. It is a major cause of maternal morbidity & mortality. AIM: To study clinical profiles of pregnant women with cardiac diseases and the maternal and fetal outcome cases. METHODOLOGY: It is a retrospective study for a period of 18 months from October 2012 -March 2014 conducted at Vanivilas hospital attached to Bangalore Medical College. 80 women with cardiac disease were included, and their associated co-morbid conditions, mode of delivery and follow-up up to 5 days were noted. Maternal complications like heart failure, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest, ICU admissions, and death were noted. Fetal outcomes were studied in terms of apgar score, presence of congenital heart disease, SGA, NICU admissions, death etc., RESULTS: 87.5% of the patients were booked elsewhere. Only 8.75% of them were in the NYHA class 3 or 4. 67.5% patients had RHD. There were no maternal deaths, only 7.5% required ICU care. 42.5% had prior cardiac surgeries. About 93% had vaginal deliveries which were assisted by forceps in only 42.5% cases. There were 7.5% NICU admissions with perinatal mortality of 5% and the mean birth weight was 2.23kg. CONCLUSION: Heart disease in pregnancy is a high risk condition has a major impact on pregnancy. Early diagnosis by proper antenatal care and interventions could be the key to the prevention of complications.