A clinical study on electrocardiographic changes in goats suffering from pneumonia

Assessment of pulmonary function test, acute phase proteins, cytokines and electrocardiographic changes in naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle calves

“…Reduced atrium contractility (depolarization) might be resulted from the hypocalcemia and the significant decrease in QRS-wave duration resulted from increased heart rate with interference with pulmonary circulation and agreed with Gelberg et al (1991), Reef and McGuirk (1996) and Devi et al (2015). On the other hand, the significant increase in T-wave amplitude, with a significant decrease in P-R interval and Q-T interval might be attributed to disturbance in ventricular relaxation or ventricular hypertrophy (Smith, 2014;Devi et al, 2015). Moreover, the electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalemia) resulted in increase in the peaking of T wave (Johri et al, 2009).…”

“…Reduction of serum Cl and increased K level might be also attributed to hyperpyrexia in acute respiratory disease and metastatic infection of kidneys (Constable et al, 2017). ECG findings of BRD affected calves in this study showed a significant decrease in P-wave amplitude and duration (reduced atrial contractility or depolarization), which agreed with Devi et al ( 2015). This could be attributed to atrial fibrillation or supraventricular pacemaker fibrillation as a result of myocardial hypoxia (Gelberg et al, 1991;Reef and McGuirk, 1996).…”

“…This could be attributed to atrial fibrillation or supraventricular pacemaker fibrillation as a result of myocardial hypoxia (Gelberg et al, 1991;Reef and McGuirk, 1996). This also could be resulted from the alteration in hemodynamic/acid-base balance or hypoxic changes as a result of respiratory distress (Smith, 2014;Devi et al 2015). Reduced atrium contractility (depolarization) might be resulted from the hypocalcemia and the significant decrease in QRS-wave duration resulted from increased heart rate with interference with pulmonary circulation and agreed with Gelberg et al (1991), Reef and McGuirk (1996) and Devi et al (2015).…”

“…This also could be resulted from the alteration in hemodynamic/acid-base balance or hypoxic changes as a result of respiratory distress (Smith, 2014;Devi et al 2015). Reduced atrium contractility (depolarization) might be resulted from the hypocalcemia and the significant decrease in QRS-wave duration resulted from increased heart rate with interference with pulmonary circulation and agreed with Gelberg et al (1991), Reef and McGuirk (1996) and Devi et al (2015). On the other hand, the significant increase in T-wave amplitude, with a significant decrease in P-R interval and Q-T interval might be attributed to disturbance in ventricular relaxation or ventricular hypertrophy (Smith, 2014;Devi et al, 2015).…”