A clinicopathologic study of invasive apocrine carcinoma of the breast: A single-center experience

Imamovic, Denira; Bilalović, Nurija; Skenderi, Faruk; Beslagic, Vanesa; Cerić, Timur; Hasanbegović, Berisa; Beslija, S.; Vranić, Semir

doi:10.1111/tbj.13140

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Very few studies specifically explored the effects of (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with apocrine carcinoma. [63][64][65][66][67][68] Several studies clearly pointed the limited response of molecularly defined triple-negative apocrine carcinomas (LAR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in comparison with other non-apocrine TNBC. 66 , 67 Both studies also reported significantly lower Ki-67 in LAR compared with non-apocrine TNBC, which is in line with previous studies.…”

Section: Clinical Studies On Apocrine Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast

Vranić

Gatalica

2022

Clinical Breast Cancer

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Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignancy. According to 2019 WHO classification, apocrine cellular features and a characteristic steroid receptor profile (Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and androgen receptor (AR)-positive) define apocrine carcinoma. Her-2/neu protein expression is reported in ∼30-50% of apocrine carcinomas, while NGS analysis showed frequent PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT and TP53 mutations Followed by deregulation in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway components (mutations of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF ). A recent miRNA study indicates various miRNAs (downregulated hsa-miR-145-5p and upregulated 14 miRNAs such as hsa-miR-182-5p, hsa-miR-3135b, and hsa-miR-4417) may target the commonly altered pathways in apocrine carcinomas such as ERBB2/HER2 and mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling pathway. Although AR expression is a hallmark of apocrine carcinoma, little is known regarding the efficacy/resistance to antiandrogens. Success of bicalutamide, a non-steroidal anti-androgen, was reported in a case of Her2-negative apocrine carcinoma. Two recent studies, however, described presence of antiandrogen resistance biomarkers (a splice variant ARv7 and AR/NCOA2 co-amplification) in a subset of AR + apocrine carcinomas, cautioning the use of anti-androgens in AR + triple-negative breast carcinomas. Apocrine carcinomas rarely show biomarkers predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-L1 expression, MSI-H status, and TMBhigh). Therefore, a comprehensive cancer profiling of apocrine carcinomas is necessary to identify potential therapeutic targets for a truly individualized treatment approach.

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Section: Clinical Studies On Apocrine Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast

Vranić

Gatalica

2022

Clinical Breast Cancer

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“…Other studies have reported improved overall and disease-free survival in patients with AR positive TNBC compared with other TNBCs [84,85]. Data on response to neoadjuvant therapy are scarce and also conflicting [63,86].…”

Section: Prognosis Of Apocrine Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Apocrine lesions of the breast

2021

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Apocrine change is recognised in benign, atypical and malignant lesions of the breast. Apocrine metaplasia, a frequent finding in the breast of women over the age of 25 years, is most commonly seen in benign cysts with a simple or papillary configuration. Apocrine change is also recognised in other benign lesions including sclerosing adenosis, now known as apocrine adenosis. Apocrine atypia usually refers to cytological atypia in which there is at least threefold variation in nuclear size but architectural atypia may also occur. The distinction between atypical apocrine hyperplasia and non-high-grade apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ may be difficult due to the relative rarity of these entities and the lack of validated diagnostic criteria. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) with apocrine change is considered to be a variant of pleomorphic LCIS. An apocrine variant of encapsulated papillary carcinoma is also recognised. Apocrine change is described in invasive carcinoma, including no special type, lobular, micropapillary and mucinous variants. The recent WHO 2019 update recognises ‘carcinoma with apocrine differentiation’ as a special type breast carcinoma based on the presence of apocrine morphology in at least 90% of the tumour. Tumours with apocrine morphology are usually but not always hormone receptor negative. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status is variable. Molecular studies have identified breast tumours with apocrine features and high expression of androgen receptor mRNA including ‘luminal androgen receptor tumours’ and ‘molecular apocrine tumours’. The term ‘pure apocrine carcinoma’ has been proposed to describe an invasive carcinoma with apocrine morphology that is oestrogen and progesterone receptor negative and androgen receptor positive. HER-2 status may be positive or negative. This article reviews the pathology of benign, atypical and malignant apocrine lesions of the breast, with emphasis on diagnostic criteria including an approach to evaluation of apocrine lesions on needle core biopsy, and recent advances in our understanding of invasive apocrine carcinoma.

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“…Es de resaltar que la expresión positiva del receptor de estrógeno puede estar presente hasta en el 36 % de los tumores apocrinos de glándulas sudoríparas 7 . Para que puedan considerarse carcinomas apocrinos puros de mama deben tener un perfil negativo para el receptor de estrógenos y positivo para andrógenos, aunque esta diferencia puede ser ante todo académica porque su comportamiento es similar al de los apocrine-like en cuanto a la supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad 8 . El uso del antígeno carcinoembrionario (CEA) y de los receptores del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGF) puede ser particularmente útil para diferenciar estos tumores de una metástasis de carcinoma mamario 3 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

¿Carcinoma de mama o carcinoma de glándula sudorípara? Presentación de dos casos y análisis de la literatura

Luján

Varela

Morán³

2021

biomedica

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El carcinoma apocrino primario de glándula sudorípara es una neoplasia con una muy baja incidencia, que puede representar un reto diagnóstico, clínico e histológico, y un reto terapéutico local, adyuvante y de la enfermedad avanzada. La edad media de los pacientes es de alrededor de 67 años, y no se ha observado preferencia según el sexo. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en las axilas y en el cuero cabelludo. Se caracteriza clínicamente por un lento crecimiento, aunque puede progresar agresivamente, con compromiso local, ganglionar y metastásico, principalmente, pulmonar, hepático y óseo. El tratamiento recomendado –una vez establecida la histología– consiste en una resección local amplia con un margen claro de 1 a 2 cm y linfadenectomía regional si se detectan ganglios clínicamente positivos. El tratamiento adyuvante (radioterapia o quimioterapia) y de la enfermedad avanzada no está claramente establecido.Se presentan dos pacientes de sexo femenino con sospecha inicial de cáncer de mama, en quienes se diagnosticó finalmente un carcinoma apocrino de glándula sudorípara.

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A clinicopathologic study of invasive apocrine carcinoma of the breast: A single-center experience

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

An Update on the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast

An Update on the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast

Apocrine lesions of the breast

¿Carcinoma de mama o carcinoma de glándula sudorípara? Presentación de dos casos y análisis de la literatura

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