A Clinicopathological Study of the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome

Ocular and Extraocular Inflammation Induced by Immunization of Tyrosinase Related Protein 1 and 2 in Lewis Rats

“…The in¯ammation was also considered to be granulomatous. More recently, it has been reported that the retina is involved in 42±100 % of the cases, and non-granulomatous in¯ammations were not rare (Perry and Font, 1977;Lubin et al, 1982;Sakamoto et al, 1991). (3) In long-standing cases of mild to moderate SO or VKH disease, there is thickening of the choroid, focal losses of the RPE, mild disorganization of the retinal layers, chorioretinal adhesions and partial destruction of retinal OS and ONL (Perry and Font, 1977;Lubin et al, 1982;Sakamoto et al, 1991).…”

“…Histologically, VKH disease is characterized in the acute phase by a signi®cant thickening of the choroid and a marked in®ltration of in¯ammatory cells into the iris, ciliary body and choroid (Matsuda, 1970;Lubin, Ni and Albert, 1982). In the middle to late phase, the characteristic histological ®nding is an accumulation of epithelioid cells under the RPE that are called Dalen-Fuchs nodules (Lubin, Albert and Weinstein, 1980;Chan et al, 1985).…”

“…Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is also an in¯am-matory disease of the eye with many of the clinical and histological characteristics of VKH disease (Perry and Font, 1977;Lubin et al, 1980Lubin et al, , 1982Chan et al, 1985;Sakamoto, Murata and Inomata, 1991). Immunogenetically, patients with VKH and SO have the same HLA genotypes (Shindo et al, 1994(Shindo et al, , 1997.…”

Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome associated with cutaneous malignant melanoma: an 11-year follow-up

“…The disease is especially prevalent in Asia, as well as in people with Hispanic and native North American ancestry, and occurs at lower rates in Caucasians [27], with a female predisposition [8,22]. Immunogenetic analysis shows strong HLA associations with VKH, including HLA-DR4, HLA-DRB1, and HLADRw53 [1,5,14,24,29].…”

“…Histopathologically, VKH syndrom shares many similarities with sympathetic ophthalmia and includes extensive granulomatous infiltration of the choroid and anterior uvea [8,18]. The predominant cell is the T-lymphocyte, which is accompanied by collections of melanincontaining epitheloid cells and occasional multinucleate giant cells [10,24].…”