A combined spectroscopic study on Chinese porcelain containing ruan-cai colours

Pevenage, Jolien Van; Lauwers, Debbie; Herremans, Davy; Verhaeven, Eddy; Vekemans, Bart; Neer, Wim Van; Vincze, László; Moëns, Luc; Vandenabeele, Peter

doi:10.1039/c3ay41072b

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recently, arsenate was detected in Famille Rose porcelain shards [77,78] in agreement with previous work of Zhang [5]. Identification of the minor and trace elements associated to the above mentioned colouring phases are needed to better discuss the provenance of the raw materials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The more reasonable assumption may be that arsenic arises from the cobalt ores [45,46,80,81]. Eighteen century European porcelains made with European cobalt ores exhibit the same Raman signature as shown in refs [45,46,77,80,81], but also in some Limoges enamels [82] and glass beads [83][84][85] produced during the 17 th and 18 th century. The cobalt ores come from Erzgebirge mountains between Saxony and Bohemia and contain a high level of arsenic (As/Co ~ 0.1-0.2) [83][84][85][86], which may explain the formation of lead arsenate in the blue enamel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Non-invasive Raman analyses of Chinese huafalang and related porcelain wares. Searching for evidence for innovative pigment technologies

Colomban

Zhang

Zhao

2017

Ceramics International

104

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Eighteen Chinese painted enamelled porcelains and three Chinese enamelled Yixing stonewares dated to the 16 th to 19 th centuries and kept at the Musée national des arts asiatiques-Guimet (MNAAG), have been analysed with a mobile Raman set-up to identify their enamelling technology. Different Grand Feu (leadless or lead-poor colourless and blue enamel) and Petit Feu (lead-rich red (hematite), yellow and green (Pb-Sn/Sb/X pyrochlore) and black enamels) glazes were respectively identified on wares from the wucai group, the Famille verte group, and the huafalang group. Calcium phosphate was detected in a 17 th century vase as a rare opacifier. Cassiterite was identified in the light green glaze of an imperial huafalang bowl dated to the final period of the Kangxi reign (1662-1722), ca. the 1 st quarter of the 18 th century. Lead arsenate was identified in the blue glaze of two artefacts, a huafalang bowl and a painted enamel water dropper, and in the blue enamel of a 19 th century Yixing teapot. Lead arsenate found in some of the blue enamels appears to arise from the arsenic content in Erzgebirge cobalt ores and not due to voluntary addition. This may prove the use of raw materials or enamel powder imported from Europe in developing these opaque colours. The use of lead arsenate as white opacifier is clear for a water dropper bearing the Yongzheng emperor's mark (r. 1723-1735). The technological palette appears different for the artefacts expected to originate from the same period and provenance (imperial workshop) which is consistent with a period of intense innovation, open to technological skill from abroad -i.e. from French/European painted enamel technology -as revealed by ancient French (Jesuits) and Chinese historical reports. Graphical abstract 2

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Non-invasive Raman analyses of Chinese huafalang and related porcelain wares. Searching for evidence for innovative pigment technologies

Colomban

Zhang

Zhao

2017

Ceramics International

104

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“…It is also widely found in works of art from various cultures, from the Egyptians to 19 th century artists . A list of findings is reported in literature, as well as of its Raman identification …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy of green minerals and reaction products with an application in Cultural Heritage research

Coccato

Bersani

Coudray

et al. 2016

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of materials and is of valuable use in archaeometrical research in general. Green compounds of natural or synthetic origin are found in many research areas, ranging from mineralogy, to pigment identification, to corrosion studies. However, a detailed and comprehensive database of spectra and references is still missing in the literature. This paper provides both, a literature review and downloadable Raman spectra of reference products, to the researcher dealing with green materials in cultural heritage. Moreover, it tackles nomenclature issues. The collected spectra are discussed in relation to the preliminary/commercial identification of the material itself and to the published data. Practical aspects regarding the laser wavelength selection are also discussed with regards to the comparison to published reference spectra. The range of studied green materials is wide and encompasses Cu containing compounds (natural and synthetic, more or less known as pigments or degradation products, including polymorphs of the same formula), Fe based (green earths and synthetic organic pigments), modern Cr and Co green pigments. This approach is illustrated by analysing a cross section of a green zone of the Early Netherlandish panel painting ‘Ghent Altarpiece’ by the Van Eyck brothers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…On‐site analyses of very rare huafalang items—which, based on the style, seem to have been fired at the Imperial Court Workshop during the end of the Kangxi reign (~1715–1722)—identify lead arsenate in blue décor. The identification of lead arsenate in blue enamel only demonstrates the use of European cobalt ore, a proposal confirmed by elemental composition analysis of some wucai shards . Rather, similar bowls produced at the same workshop and period show different features, thus demonstrating a period of intense innovation.…”

Section: Study Of Refractory (Inorganic) Materials—examplesmentioning

confidence: 92%

On‐site Raman study of artwork: Procedure and illustrative examples

Colomban

2017

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Raman microspectroscopy conducted with transportable/mobile instruments allows for the non‐invasive identification of amorphous and crystalline phases of ancient masterpieces and outstanding artworks (objects, paintings and décor, building parts, etc.). Resonance Raman spectroscopy detects chromophore and dye traces. On the basis of examples (enamelled glass and pottery, enamelled metal, patinated/corroded metal, stained glass, sculptures, paintings, pastels, and drawings), this mini review discusses the main parameters (laser and optics choice, experimental procedure, etc.) and shows how phase identification contributes to a better understanding of innovant technology exchanges.

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A combined spectroscopic study on Chinese porcelain containing ruan-cai colours

Cited by 46 publications

References 34 publications

Non-invasive Raman analyses of Chinese huafalang and related porcelain wares. Searching for evidence for innovative pigment technologies

Non-invasive Raman analyses of Chinese huafalang and related porcelain wares. Searching for evidence for innovative pigment technologies

Raman spectroscopy of green minerals and reaction products with an application in Cultural Heritage research

On‐site Raman study of artwork: Procedure and illustrative examples

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