A Compact Multi-Beam End-Fire Circularly Polarized Septum Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications

Cheng, Xiaohe; Yao, Yuan; Tomura, Takashi; Hirokawa, Jiro; Yu, Tao; Yu, Junsheng; Chen, Xiao

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2876872

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…While larger impedance matching bandwidths and gains are demonstrated in [14,19], and smaller dimensions are demonstrated in [35,36], these arrays lack CP and would thus exhibit polarisation loss during most cases of operation. The closest performing structures are those presented in [34,37]. However, the structure presented in [34] achieves a narrower impedance matching bandwidth and also a poorer 3 dB axial ratio steering range of ±25° (despite its wide ±37° steering range with 3 dB gain variance).…”

Section: Four-element Arrays Radiation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The closest performing structures are those presented in [34,37]. However, the structure presented in [34] achieves a narrower impedance matching bandwidth and also a poorer 3 dB axial ratio steering range of ±25° (despite its wide ±37° steering range with 3 dB gain variance). Its larger demonstrated gain of 11 dBi is resultant from its narrower elevation HPBW of 70°.…”

Section: Four-element Arrays Radiation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circularly‐polarised end‐fire antenna and arrays for 5G millimetre‐wave beam‐steering systems

Al-Amoodi

Honari

Mirzavand

et al. 2020

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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This study presents a circularly‐polarised substrate‐integrated waveguide end‐fire antenna and four‐antenna arrays for 5G beam‐steering mobile devices at 28 GHz. Polarisation is achieved through implementation of a substrate‐integrated waveguide notched‐septum polariser. It is then loaded with a dielectric lens to improve gain, axial ratio bandwidth, and circular polarisation (CP) purity. To suppress the mutual coupling between array elements, vias are extended on either side of the lens. It also improves the single‐element axial ratio and front‐to‐back ratio. The antenna's performance is found to be resilient to typical manufacturing tolerances for the lens and via extensions. The element and arrays are manufactured and measured. The prototypes demonstrated an impedance bandwidth of 11.4% with a maximum array gain of 10.5 dBi and a steering range of up to ±35° (with reduced performance when steered to ±45°). Within this range, the antenna array demonstrates a gain variation of up to 3 dB and very good CP purity within the radiation half‐power beamwidths (HPBWs). A wide single‐element elevation HPBW of 95° is also demonstrated. Given its performance and ease of manufacture in a printed circuit board process, the proposed antenna could be a strong candidate for 5G millimetre‐wave beam‐steering systems.

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Section: Four-element Arrays Radiation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Four-element Arrays Radiation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circularly‐polarised end‐fire antenna and arrays for 5G millimetre‐wave beam‐steering systems

Al-Amoodi

Honari

Mirzavand

et al. 2020

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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“…The high path loss can be compensated by high gain antenna [5]. Dual-beam or multi-beam antennas or arrays are required to overcome multipath fading effect and interference effect [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Symmetrical Dual-Beam Bowtie Antenna With Gain Enhancement Using Metamaterial for 5G MIMO Applications

Jiang

et al. 2019

IEEE Photonics J.

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A symmetrical dual-beam end-fire bowtie antenna with gain enhancement is achieved by integrating three pairs of metamaterial (MTM) arrays for 5G MIMO applications. The first pair of MTM array with high refractive index (HRI) are deployed to form a wide beam antenna. The second pair of HRI MTM array are arranged along the end-fire direction (x-direction) in front of the radiators in order to split the single wide beam into dual beam. Besides, the third pair of anisotropic MTM array with HRI along x-direction and near zero refractive along y-direction are incorporated in front of the second pair of MTM array to improve the gain performance. The proposed technique is verified by both the full-wave electromagnetic simulation and experiment, and the simulated and measured results agree very well with each other. Moreover, the measured results reveal that the main beam directions of the proposed antenna point to ±30 • with respect to the end-fire direction (0 •) over 24.25-27.5 GHz, with a maximum gain of 7.4 dBi at 26 GHz and a 4.2 dB gain improvement compared to the wide beam antenna.

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“…Thus, to effectively reconfigure beam patterns, the Butler matrix can be a good candidate since the limited scan angles can be compensated by the aerial mobility of UAVs. Moreover, effective uses of the Butler matrix have been demonstrated in mmWave and 5G applications [26][27][28][29]. Therefore, in this paper, a new array architecture based on folded ground structures for UAV applications is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Switched-Beam Array Antenna with a Butler Matrix and a Folded Ground Structure

Kim

Dong

et al. 2019

Electronics

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A compact switched-beam array antenna, based on a switched Butler matrix with four folded ground antennas, is presented for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications. The folded ground structure, including a slotted patch radiator surrounded by multiple air-gapped ground layers, is adopted to maximize compactness. The extra ground layers provide extra capacitive coupling around the patch antenna, resulting in a down-shift of resonant frequency and a reduction in the antenna size. Also, to optimize aerial operation with a wider beam coverage, the 1 × 4 array is integrated with a switched Butler matrix controlled by a microcontroller unit (MCU). The choice of the Butler matrix reduces the complexity of beamforming circuitry and avoids the use of high-cost phase shifters requiring extra control-bit signals. Further, the array antenna is optimized for high isolation among the antenna ports and a minimal UAV body effect. Then, the proposed structure was verified at 1.96 GHz for test purposes only, and the array size, excluding the antenna case, was 2.16λo × 0.54λo × 0.07λo. The measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth for all antenna elements in the array was always better than 3.4%, and the isolation among the antenna ports was also better than 19 dB. The measured peak gain, excluding the loss of the switched Butler module, was about 9.98 dBi, on average. Lastly, the measured peak scan angles were observed at −39°, −17°, 9° and 31° according to switching modes.

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A Compact Multi-Beam End-Fire Circularly Polarized Septum Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Circularly‐polarised end‐fire antenna and arrays for 5G millimetre‐wave beam‐steering systems

Circularly‐polarised end‐fire antenna and arrays for 5G millimetre‐wave beam‐steering systems

A Symmetrical Dual-Beam Bowtie Antenna With Gain Enhancement Using Metamaterial for 5G MIMO Applications

Compact Switched-Beam Array Antenna with a Butler Matrix and a Folded Ground Structure

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