A comparative analysis of 3D printed scaffolds consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and different bioactive mineral fillers: aspects of degradation and cytocompatibility

Abstract

Their excellent mechanical properties, degradability and suitability for processing by 3D printing technologies make the thermoplastic polylactic acid and its derivatives favourable candidates for biomaterial-based bone regeneration therapies. In this...

Optimization of a tunable process for rapid production of calcium phosphate microparticles using a droplet-based microfluidic platform

“…These biomaterials can later be screened for their osteogenic properties, and ultimately used for bone regeneration purposes. Examples of these applications include the development of CaP-based bone fillers, injectables or 3D scaffolds ( van Dijk et al, 2019 ; Mofakhami and Salahinejad, 2021 ; Moussi et al, 2022 ; Ahlfeld et al, 2023 ). Moreover, CaP microparticles could also be used as reinforcing components in polymer matrices ( Adhikari et al, 2021 ; Ahlfeld et al, 2023 ), for example, to produce composites with improved stiffness and bioactivity.…”

“…Examples of these applications include the development of CaP-based bone fillers, injectables or 3D scaffolds ( van Dijk et al, 2019 ; Mofakhami and Salahinejad, 2021 ; Moussi et al, 2022 ; Ahlfeld et al, 2023 ). Moreover, CaP microparticles could also be used as reinforcing components in polymer matrices ( Adhikari et al, 2021 ; Ahlfeld et al, 2023 ), for example, to produce composites with improved stiffness and bioactivity. A droplet-generating microfluidic chip was employed to create a library of CaP microparticles with fine-tuned physicochemical properties.…”

The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges

“…Typically, bioceramics often added as fillers to the polymer matrix to obtain ideal physicochemical and mechanical properties. A study conducted by Ahlfeld et al (2023) indicated that varieties of mineral fillers, including CaCO 3 , SrCO 3 , strontium-modified hydroxyapatite (SrHAp) or tricalcium phosphates, integrated into a PLGA matrix can remarkably modify the degradation behavior of printed scaffold and an increase of the specific alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. Besides, mesoporous calcium silicate is also used in hard tissue regeneration as a component of biomaterial inks because of its ability to sustained release Si ions and other bioactive agents ( Huang et al, 2018 ; Yeh et al, 2022 ).…”

Poly(dl-lactide) Polymer Blended with Mineral Phases for Extrusion 3D Printing—Studies on Degradation and Biocompatibility

“…Especially in case of implants with larger dimensions, this acidification can induce an inflammatory reaction and damage cells necessary for tissue regeneration [6]. One promising strategy to reduce this negative effect is the blending of PLA-based biomaterials with inorganic nano/microparticles that have a buffer effect [7][8][9].…”

“…In this study, the clinically approved (FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) K080862) polymer PDLLA was blended with different mineral phases with the aim of buffering its acidic degradation products and improving its bioactivity. A first systematic comparison of mineral phases with different solubilities and acidity/basicity (CaCO 3 , SrCO 3 , tricalcium phosphates (α-TCP, β-TCP), or strontium-modified hydroxyapatite (SrHAp)) as fillers was carried out in our previous study for the copolymer PLLA-PGA (poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic) [7]; in this work, we investigated the effect of the mineral fillers for the amorphous polymer PDLLA, which has great potential in bone regenerative procedures [5]. The blends were 3D-printed using the additive manufacturing method Arburg Plastic Freeforming [10], and the resulting scaffolds were thoroughly characterized regarding their degradation behavior and their cytocompatibility in comparison to pure PDLLA scaffolds.…”